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The Whigs were a party born out of opposition. Whigs came from all sorts of political beliefs. The little they had in common defines their legacy today: They upheld the Constitution and Federal law, advocated for the rights of Native Americans, supported free public education, and encouraged women’s participation in political campaigns. While their diversity in beliefs allowed the Whigs to accomplish many different goals at the local level, this ultimately led to their dissolution in the 1850s. Still, this short-lived party left a long-lasting impact on American politics. 

New York City has a reputation for being a place of opportunity, diversity, and inclusivity. It was much the same in its earliest days, back when its Dutch rulers dubbed it New Amsterdam. The Dutch used it as the North American hub of their international trading routes that made them the financial leaders of the world. The city was a haven of religious tolerance, cultural diversity, and women’s rights; in many ways, it was the original melting pot, where even slaves could earn their freedom.

Agatha Christie remains, all these years later, the unchallenged queen of the murder-mystery genre. What life could produce the woman who seems to be the clear inspiration for J.B. Fletcher in Murder, She Wrote? Follow Christie from England to Egypt and back again, join her on archaeological digs with her husband and dive into strange facts that led to her to write fewer books as she aged.

Leland Stanford retains a double legacy as both a robber baron and a great philanthropist. He got his start in business as a merchant during the California gold rush, but he worked his way up to president of both the Central and Southern Pacific Railroad companies by 1861. He became a railroad mogul, a leading force in an under-regulated industry wherein he gained a reputation for corrupt and greedy practices. Yet, he and his wife benevolently founded Stanford University in memory of their deceased son.

Vladimir Putin is the current president of Russia, serving in his third term since 2012. He started his career as an intelligence officer and politician. Raised and educated in the Soviet Union, he saw great prosperity and growth during his first term. His leadership has been fraught with accusations and scandals, particularly in his handling of human rights and justice cases, as well as his alleged involvement in the United States politics.

The Roman Empire crumbled, and nothing could replace it. People groups shifted all over the continent: the Byzantines came after the Visigoths, the Saxons clashed with the Celts, and the Vikings pillaged everyone. Eventually, feudalism emerged and brought with it knights in shining armor and long lines of monarchs.

San Francisco’s history precedes its name by several thousands of years. Though Europeans had settled in other parts of California much earlier, it wasn’t until 1769 that they stumbled upon the bay area. When the Spanish first arrived, they were floored by its natural beauty, which had been carefully maintained by its longtime residents, the Ohlone Indians.

The conflict lasted less than two years, but the repercussions shook both nations for much longer. Having already lost Texas, the still newly independent Mexico was unprepared to defend their northern territories. The US plowed forward through to California with a sense of manifest destiny. While the US fought to gain more land, however, the war splintered the North and South; many Americans saw the war as an unjust theft of Mexican land and knew that the South’s reliance on slave labor would further establish this divisive injustice in America.

The Industrial Revolution took place in Europe and the United States from the 1760s to the 1840s. It began in Great Britain, stimulated by expanding trade and the rise of business. The era saw a transition from methods of manual production to the use of machines and new manufacturing processes. This transition was marked by technical innovation, the harnessing of steam and water power, the development of machine tools, and the birth of mechanized factories.

The University of Kentucky is an educational institution with a 150-year old history. It's also the headquarters of "Big Blue Nation", UK's network of alumni and fans who bleed the school colors blue and white. UK boasts a solid academic record, but most people know it for its fanatical sports fans cheering on their Wildcats in basketball and football.

Considered by many to be the Father of Western Philosophy, the life of this great philosopher is shrouded in mystery. He would study under the renown Plato and along with Socrates is responsible for making the ideas of the late, great philosopher known to the world. Aristotle would ascribe views on science that would be held as gospel throughout the Middle Ages and his thoughts on the nature of existence continue to influence great minds today.

Pericles was a statesmen, general, and speaker during the Golden Age of Athens. His impact on the city-state would be so great that Thucydides, an honored historian, would refer to him as the city's First Citizen. In what would be titled the "Age of Pericles", he would turn the Delian League from an alliance to an Athenian Empire and foster the arts and sciences within his country more than any leader had before him. He is responsible for starting the great projects of Athens, like the Acropolis and Parthenon, which can still be seen in their glory today.

Throughout the 1920s, America's public figures considered a prosperous stock market to be a sign of a prosperous nation. While unemployment slowly rose and production dropped, leaders assured everyone that they should have faith in the economy. Then came the Great Crash on Wall Street. The loss of faith in public institutions devastated Americans ideologically just as it devastated the national economy - the US would never be the same again. This brief introduction paints the picture of life in America on the precipice of the Great Depression.

Dolley Madison (1768 to 1849) born Dolley Payne, was the fourth first lady of the United States and wife of James Madison, founding father and fourth president of the United States. Madison is now most famous for holding large Washington social functions to which members of both political parties where invited. Dolley Madison, essentially, helped create the concept of bipartisan cooperation and furthered the idea that both parties could socialize, debate, and negotiate with each other amicably and without descending into violence.

Queen Victoria, 1819 to 1901, was the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 until her death, and is one of the most widely recognized rulers in British history. Queen Victoria’s 63 year rule (a rule longer than any of her predecessors) coincided with an era of monumental changes and developments in industry, politics, science, and culture as well as the vast expansion of the British Empire across the globe; most significant of all being Britain’s colonial activity in India, so much so Queen Victoria earned the title of Empress of India in 1876.