In this episode of the Pharm So Hard Podcast, the hosts discuss GLP-1 receptor agonists, a class of medications used to manage blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and to treat obesity. They provide an overview of the history and development of GLP-1 receptor agonists, highlighting their clinical superiority and various benefits. The hosts also explain the role of GLP-1s in the body, including their glucose-dependent insulin secretion and effects on gastric emptying. They discuss the impact of GLP-1s on hunger and mental health, emphasizing the reduction of food noise and improvement in satiety levels. Additionally, they differentiate GLP-1 receptor agonists for diabetes and weight loss and explore their indications and guideline positioning. Takeaways

• GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications used to manage blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and to treat obesity.

• GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown clinical superiority to other anti-hyperglycemic drugs, improving glycemic control, reducing weight loss and blood pressure, and providing cardio-protective benefits.

• GLP-1s increase glucose-dependent insulin secretion, block glucagon secretion, and slow gastric emptying, leading to improved blood sugar control and increased satiety.

• GLP-1 receptor agonists have a positive impact on mental health, reducing food noise and helping individuals make healthier food choices.

• Different GLP-1 receptor agonists have specific indications for diabetes and weight loss, and their use is guided by clinical guidelines.

• GLP-1 receptor agonists are FDA-approved for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and for the treatment of obesity.

• The choice of GLP-1 receptor agonist depends on factors such as comorbidities, weight loss goals, and patient preferences.

• GLP-1 receptor agonists have different dosing regimens, and the specific dose may vary based on the indication and the product.

• Common side effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but these side effects often improve with continued use and proper management. GLP-1 agonists can cause loss of appetite as a side effect.

• GLP-1s are being used off-label for conditions such as NAFLD and depression.

• GLP-1s may have positive effects on bone health and blood pressure.

• The high cost of GLP-1s poses challenges for patient access.