Mildred Fish-Harnack was the only American women to be executed on Hitler's direct orders. She was born in Milwaukee Wisconsin and was a professor at UW-Madison before moving to Germany with her husband Arvid Harnack. When the Nazis rose to power Mildred, Arvid and their friends began to work against the authoritarian government even though it would eventually cost them their lives. Tune in to learn more about this remarkably courageous women.

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Sources:

Brysac, Shareen Blair. “When the Red Orchestra Fell Silent.” The New York Times, February 15, 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/16/opinion/global/when-the-red-orchestra-fell-silent.html.

Cottrell, Chris. “American Resistance Member Is Honored in Berlin.” The New York Times, September 21, 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/21/world/europe/american-resistance-member-is-honored-in-berlin.html.

Higgins, Jim. “Gripping Biography Details How Milwaukee’s Mildred Harnack Led Resistance to Hitler While Living in Berlin.” Journal Sentinel, September 2, 2021. https://www.jsonline.com/story/entertainment/books/2021/08/18/book-details-how-milwaukees-mildred-harnack-led-resistance-hitler-biography/5559514001/.

“Mildred Fish-Harnack.” Wisconsin Women Making History, February 14, 2024. https://womeninwisconsin.org/profile/mildred-fish-harnack/.

“Mildred Fish-Harnack: Germany’s Secret Hero – Wisconsin Biographies.” PBS Wisconsin Education, May 6, 2024. https://pbswisconsineducation.org/bio/mildred-fish-harnack/.

Today's episode discusses the German-American identity of the Pabst Family. I am joined by Grace Mager as we discuss how the beer baron's family navigated both their German heritage as immigrants, as well as their love of their new home in Milwaukee.

Check out the Pabst Mansion website here

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Sources:

“Brilliantly Wedded.” Milwaukee Sentinel. June 23, 1897.

“Eulogy of Capt. Pabst by Gen. F. C. Winkler. Milwaukee Journal. January 5, 1904. 9.

“Gambrinus in Glass.” Milwaukee Journal. April 21, 1893.

Kamphoefner, Walter D. Germans in America: A Concise History. Rowman & Littlefield, 2021.

“Many Honor Captain of Industry.” Milwaukee Journal. January 4, 1904. 3.

Miller, Carl. “The Rise of the Beer Barons.” BeerHistory.com. Accessed April 24, 2024. https://www.beerhistory.com/library/holdings/beerbarons.shtml.

Milwaukee Sentinel. June 20, 1897.

“Mrs. Nunnemacher Will Wed.” New York Times. March 29, 1902.

“Mrs. Pabst Passes Away.” Milwaukee Journal. October 4, 1906. 9.

“Old Pabst Mansion on Highland Faces.” Milwaukee Journal. May 10, 1970.

“Pabst Family Historical Letters Give Glimpse into WIS.. German Beer Roots.” ABC7 Chicago, March 2, 2021. https://abc7chicago.com/pabst-letters-milwuakee-wisconsin/10378226/.

“Social and Personal.” Milwaukee Journal. March 26, 1896. 2.

“The Germans in America.” Chronology : The Germans in America (European Reading Room, Library of Congress). Accessed April 24, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/rr/european/imde/germchro.html.

Widen, Larry. “Frederick Pabst: Brewer, Banker, Empire Builder.” Shepherd Express, May 3, 2023. https://shepherdexpress.com/culture/milwaukee-history/frederick-pabst-brewer-banker-empire-builder/.

The state of Wisconsin has a large variety of geographic features. Much of the land has been influenced by the glaciers when they melted over 17,000 years ago. Today's podcast will cover some of the most well-known features such as the driftless area, the Kettle Moraine, the Niagara escarpment, ancient coral reefs, and the sub-continental divide.

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Resources:

“About the Escarpment.” Niagara Escarpment Foundation , February 5, 2021. https://nefoundation.ca/about-the-escarpment/.

Bence, Susan. “Did You Know There’s an Ancient Coral Reef in Wauwatosa?” WUWM 89.7 FM - Milwaukee’s NPR, July 6, 2020. https://www.wuwm.com/environment/2016-05-27/did-you-know-theres-an-ancient-coral-reef-in-wauwatosa.

“Driftless Area.” Wisconsin Historical Society, August 3, 2012. https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records/Article/CS1626.

Hayes, Paul G. “Subcontinental Divide.” Encyclopedia of Milwaukee, April 16, 2020. https://emke.uwm.edu/entry/subcontinental-divide/.

“History | Kettle Moraine State Forest.” Wisconsin DNR. Accessed December 25, 2023. https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/parks/kmn/history.

“Niagara Escarpment.” Destination Door County. Accessed December 25, 2023. https://www.doorcounty.com/experience/scenic-attractions/niagara-escarpment.

“The Niagara Escarpment: Wisconsin’s Eighth Natural Wonder.” OnMilwaukee, September 30, 2011. https://onmilwaukee.com/articles/niagaraescarpment.

“The Physical Geography of Wisconsin.” Wisconsin Historical Society, August 3, 2012. https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records/Article/CS387.

Unknown, Nicole. “Few People Know These Prehistoric Reefs in Wisconsin Are Hundreds of Millions of Years Old.” OnlyInYourState, March 10, 2018. https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/wisconsin/wi-prehistoric-reefs/.