The manual that shapes how mental health conditions are diagnosed is changing. The next edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM, is set to include biology for the first time.

Right now, diagnosing conditions like ADHD and depression relies on symptoms, self-reports, and a clinician’s judgment, not lab tests. Geriatric psychiatrist Anand Kumar, who until recently served on a strategic committee for the DSM, pushed to change that. The new edition will introduce “biological factors.” These are measurable processes in the body that are linked to a condition but aren’t yet a diagnostic test.

Rae Jacobson asks Anand what this shift could mean for people with ADHD, depression, and more. They talk about more targeted treatment, why there may never be a single test for ADHD, and the risks — including what happens to the people a new test doesn’t capture.

For more on this topic

• Read: Anand’s article in The Conversation
• Watch: Do we need a new way to talk about ADHD?

For a transcript and more resources, visit Hyperfocus on Understood.org. You can also email us at hyperfocus@understood.org.

Getting your child the support they need at school shouldn’t feel like a fight. But for millions of families, it does. In Zero Reject, an investigative podcast from Understood.org, award-winning journalist Anya Kamenetz looks at how changing federal policies are reshaping special education — and what’s at stake for families trying to access the support their children are legally entitled to. Start listening now.

Understood is a nonprofit where millions of people who are navigating neurodivergence find clear guidance, practical tools, and people who get it. To help us continue this work, donate at u.org/give

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

“Isn’t everyone a little ADHD?” If you have ADHD, you’ve heard it. Maybe you’ve felt the flash of rage, and the sadness underneath, because the question can make it sound like your life-altering brain difference is being reduced to a personality quirk. But there’s a more thoughtful version that could be worth asking: Is ADHD a spectrum?

Psychiatrist and writer Dr. Awais Aftab, author of the newsletter “Psychiatry at the Margins,” helps host Rae Jacobson untangle what that word “spectrum” actually means. A spectrum doesn’t mean everyone is a little bit ADHD. But he helps explain how we draw the line between neurodivergent and neurotypical, and what it really means for something to be a “disorder.” They get into why diagnosis rates may be rising in a world of 1,000 emails a day, the role of medication, and why changing environments won’t help everyone equally.

Rae also gets honest about the whiplash of ADHD narratives, from “broken” to “superpower” to “we’re all a little like this,” and about rebuilding a sense of self along the way. It gets emotional.

For more on this topic

• Read: Psychiatry at the Margins
• Read: Awais Aftab in The New York Times
• Watch: The fawn response: The survival instinct behind people-pleasing | Hyperfocus

For a transcript and more resources, visit Hyperfocus on Understood.org. You can also email us at hyperfocus@understood.org.

Getting your child the support they need at school shouldn’t feel like a fight. But for millions of families, it does. In Zero Reject, an investigative podcast from Understood.org, award-winning journalist Anya Kamenetz looks at how changing federal policies are reshaping special education — and what’s at stake for families trying to access the support their children are legally entitled to. Start listening now.

Understood is a nonprofit where millions of people who are navigating neurodivergence find clear guidance, practical tools, and people who get it. To help us continue this work, donate at u.org/give

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Are you mad at me? It’s a question “Hyperfocus” host Rae Jacobson has asked more times than she can count.

So when Rae saw a book with that exact title, she was a little unnerved. The book is by psychotherapist Meg Josephson, and it’s about the fawn response: a survival instinct that can look like people-pleasing.

In this conversation, Meg breaks down what fawning is and why it’s hard to spot — and even harder to stop doing

Meg explains how fawning overlaps with (but isn’t identical to) rejection sensitive dysphoria and why it shows up as masking for a lot of neurodivergent people. And she talks about the moment she realized that years of people-pleasing meant she really didn’t know herself at all.

In this episode of “Hyperfocus,” learn about a pattern a lot of us have been running on autopilot without realizing it. And learn subtle strategies for change.

For more on this topic

• Watch: Is ADHD a disability or just the shape of your brain?
• Listen: The brain is the last frontier of privacy. And you’re the target.

For a transcript and more resources, visit Hyperfocus on Understood.org. You can also email us at hyperfocus@understood.org.

Getting your child the support they need at school shouldn’t feel like a fight. But for millions of families, it does. In Zero Reject, an investigative podcast from Understood.org, award-winning journalist Anya Kamenetz looks at how changing federal policies are reshaping special education — and what’s at stake for families trying to access the support their children are legally entitled to. Start listening now.

Understood is a nonprofit where millions of people who are navigating neurodivergence find clear guidance, practical tools, and people who get it. To help us continue this work, donate at u.org/give

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.