FitMind founder Liam McClintock returns to the FitMind Podcast after several years of intensive meditation and monastic training to explore how his understanding of mental fitness has evolved, what he learned from life as a Buddhist monk, and the practices he now considers most effective for creating lasting change in the mind.

Liam explains the distinction between mental health and mental fitness, why our brains are evolutionarily biased toward worry and dissatisfaction, and how predictive processing may help explain the way we construct our experience of reality. He connects modern neuroscience with the Buddhist principle of dependent origination and explores how meta-awareness can help us step out of habitual thoughts, emotions, and narratives.

The conversation also explores the practices at the center of Liam's current approach: releasing, loving-kindness meditation, and the 4Rs - Recognize, Release, Relish, and Remain. Liam and Josh discuss the difference between temporary "fit states" and lasting "fit traits," jhana and the neuroscience of internally generated bliss, and how developing deeper sources of well-being may loosen our dependence on external rewards.

Liam also reflects on his time with the Shipibo in the Amazon, what he learned from his teacher Bhante Vimalaramsi, how to create a healthier "mental diet," and why forgiveness may be one of the most powerful mental reps we can practice. The episode closes with Liam sharing his vision for the next chapter of FitMind and building a community around deeper meditation practice.

Topics include:

• Mental fitness, evolutionary negativity bias, and the predictive mind
• Predictive processing, dependent origination, and meta-awareness
• Fit states vs. fit traits and creating lasting inner change
• Releasing, metta meditation, and the 4Rs
• Jhana, internally generated bliss, and the brain's reward system
• Lessons from the Shipibo and Bhante Vimalaramsi
• Mental diet, forgiveness, and the future of FitMind

A wide-ranging conversation for anyone interested in meditation, mental fitness, neuroscience, consciousness, Buddhist practice, or developing a more lasting form of well-being.

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Liam's book, Fit Mind, is now available! You can pick up a copy and learn more at fitmind.org/book.

FitMind Neuroscience-Based App: http://bit.ly/afitmind

Website: www.fitmind.org/

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Timestamps

0:00 | Predictive Processing, Meditation & the Future of FitMind

1:35 | Introduction: Liam McClintock Returns

2:49 | Welcome Back to the FitMind Podcast

3:19 | From Finance to Meditation & Buddhist Monkhood

7:41 | Mental Health vs. Mental Fitness

11:26 | Why the Brain Is Wired for Negativity

14:10 | Predictive Processing & the Predictive Mind

15:57 | Dependent Origination, Narratives & Meta-Awareness

33:58 | Why Success and Wealth Don't Create Happiness

38:45 | Fit States vs. Lasting Fit Traits

42:23 | Liam's Current Approach to Meditation

43:29 | Releasing, Metta & the 4Rs

50:54 | Jhana & the Neuroscience of Bliss

56:23 | Internal Bliss & Our Dependence on External Rewards

1:00:03 | Lessons From the Shipibo in the Amazon

1:06:35 | Monkhood & Training With Bhante Vimalaramsi

1:13:41 | Building a Healthier Mental Diet

1:19:08 | A 60-Second Mental Rep: Forgiveness

1:20:37 | Fit Mind & Making the Practice Part of Your Life

1:26:08 | The Future of FitMind, Community & Retreats

Clinical neuropsychologist Dr. Aldrich Chan joins the FitMind Podcast to explore the intersection of Taoist philosophy, neuroscience, and evolutionary psychology, and what these fields can teach us about our growing sense of disconnection from nature.

Drawing from his book 7 Principles of Nature: How We Strayed and How We Return, Aldrich explains his theory of separation, alienation, and discord, and how capacities that helped humans survive—such as abstract thinking, mental time travel, and a strong sense of self—may also contribute to some of the challenges of modern life.

The conversation explores the default mode network and our perception of time, the neuroscience of meditation and self-transcendence, and the Taoist idea of our "original nature." Aldrich also discusses nothingness as a space of possibility rather than a void, the relationship between wu wei and flow states, how to work more skillfully with stress and uncertainty, and why play and spontaneity remain important throughout adulthood.

Topics include:

• The intersection of Taoism, neuroscience, and evolutionary psychology
• Separation, alienation, and modern evolutionary mismatch
• The default mode network, thinking, and our perception of time
• Meditation, self-transcendence, and "original nature"
• Taoist nothingness and creating space for difficult experiences
• Wu wei, Tai Chi, and the neuroscience of flow
• Eustress and the difference between productive and overwhelming stress
• Working with uncertainty through curiosity rather than threat
• Why play, spontaneity, and intuition matter for well-being

A wide-ranging conversation for anyone interested in meditation, consciousness, neuroscience, Taoist philosophy, or how we might live in greater alignment with our minds, bodies, and the natural world.

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Liam's book, Fit Mind, is now available! You can pick up a copy and learn more at fitmind.org/book.

FitMind Neuroscience-Based App: http://bit.ly/afitmind

Website: www.fitmind.org

0:00 | Original Nature, Selflessness & Consciousness

0:51 | Introduction to Dr. Aldrich Chan

1:56 | From Neuroscience to Taoism

8:18 | The SAD Theory: Separation, Alienation & Discord

15:38 | Evolutionary Mismatch & Modern Isolation

19:46 | The Default Mode Network, Time & Meditation

24:23 | The Neuroscience of "Original Nature"

32:13 | Self-Transcendence Without Losing Function

34:33 | Meditation vs. Psychedelic States

37:04 | Taoist Nothingness & the Uncarved Wood

42:08 | Creating Space for Difficult Emotions

44:14 | Tai Chi, Wu Wei & Flow States

49:54 | Eustress & Dynamic Equilibrium

57:52 | Dr. Chan's Stillness Meditation Practice

1:00:30 | How to Work With Uncertainty

1:06:25 | Reframing Mental Health & Evolutionary Mismatch

1:10:07 | Why Play Matters

1:12:48 | The Seven Principles as Invitations

1:14:24 | Dr. Chan's Book & Where to Find His Work

Neuroscientist Idil Sezer joins the FitMind Podcast to explore what meditation changes beyond the brain. She explains how meditation may influence attention, emotional regulation, pain, brain–heart communication, and our fundamental sense of self.

The conversation also explores the difference between long-term and advanced meditators, unusual cardiovascular patterns observed during deep meditation, and how virtual reality may help researchers study embodiment, nondual awareness, and the boundaries of the self.

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Liam's book, Fit Mind, is now available! You can pick up a copy and learn more at fitmind.org/book.

FitMind Neuroscience-Based App: http://bit.ly/afitmind

Website: www.fitmind.org

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Show Notes

0:00 | Introducing Idil Sezer, PhD
2:11 | From Clinical Neuroscience to Meditation Research
3:58 | Why Meditation Is a Unique Tool for Training the Mind
5:21 | Meditation Beyond Relaxation and Performance
7:27 | What Different Meditation Traditions Change in the Brain
10:03 | The Nervous System and Meditation's Effects on the Heart
11:01 | Cardiac Spectral Peaks in Advanced Meditators
16:54 | Brain–Heart Communication and Holistic Neuroscience
18:13 | Long-Term vs. Advanced Meditators
20:25 | Mental Health, Pain Relief, and Neuroprotection
22:09 | Meditation, Gut Health, Epigenetics, and Cellular Memory
28:23 | Predicting Who Responds to VR Anxiety Interventions
38:17 | Using Virtual Reality to Investigate the Sense of Self
44:21 | Nondual Awareness and the Future of Meditation Research
49:22 | Finding the Meditation Practice That Works for You