Episodios

  • 肠胃病专家怎么就成了反疫苗之父|反疫苗A面
    Jun 4 2025

    久违的又来更新AB面故事,特朗普上台让反疫苗的小肯尼迪担任美国卫生与公众服务部部长,而最近二十年的这场反疫苗运动,得从1998年的一篇关于麻腮风MMR三联疫苗与自闭症相关的论文开始讲起,我们这一期,就来唠一下,这个研究是怎么开展的?为什么安德鲁·韦克菲尔德会被称为“反疫苗运动之父”?他明明是个肠胃病专家,怎么就研究起疫苗与自闭症的关系了?

    加听友群:bio_kiwi

    新播客:3分钟科学漫游

    时间点:

    00:22 引入:小肯尼迪与反疫苗

    13:55 安德鲁·韦克菲尔德的早年经历与肠胃病研究

    40:17 韦克菲尔德开始转向自闭症与疫苗关联的研究

    1:13:58 1998年文章发表之后,遭遇质疑、辞职但是风生水起

    涉及BGM:

    George Benson - Thunder Walk

    安德烈·波切利 - Con te partirò

    相关参考资料:

    布莱恩·迪尔《欺骗世界的医生:“反疫苗运动之父” 与一场跨越世纪的医学骗局》

    Andrew J. Wakefield, Jenny McCarthy 《Callous Disregard: Autism and Vaccines--The Truth Behind a Tragedy-Skyhorse 》

    Offit, Paul A 《Autism's false prophets: bad science, risky medicine, and the search for a cure-Columbia University Press》

    维基百科相关词条

    SILVERMAN R E, COHEN Z, CRAIG M, et al. Monocyte/macrophage procoagulant activity as a measure of immune responsiveness in Lewis and Brown Norway inbred rats[J]. Transplantation, 1989, 47(3): 542-547.

    Wakefield A J, Fox J D, Sawyerr A M, et al. Detection of herpesvirus DNA in the large intestine of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease using the nested polymerase chain reaction[J]. Journal of medical virology, 1992, 38(3): 183-190.

    Wakefield A J, Pittilo R M, Sim R, et al. Evidence of persistent measles virus infection in Crohn's disease[J]. Journal of medical virology, 1993, 39(4): 345-353.

    Thompson N P, Pounder R E, Wakefield A J, et al. Is measles vaccination a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease?[J]. The Lancet, 1995, 345(8957): 1071-1074.

    Patriarca P A, Beeler J A. Measles vaccination and inflammatory bowel disease[J]. The Lancet, 1995, 345(8957): 1062-1063.

    Farrington P, Miller E, Calman K C, et al. Measles vaccination as a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease[J]. The Lancet, 1995, 345(8961): 1362-1364.

    Geschwind D H. Advances in autism[J]. Annual review of medicine, 2009, 60(1): 367-380.

    Wakefield A J, Murch S H, Anthony A, et al. RETRACTED: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children[J]. The lancet, 1998, 351(9103): 637-641.

    Poland G A, Jacobson R M. The age-old struggle against the antivaccinationists[J]. New England journal of medicine, 2011, 364(2): 97-99.

    Taylor B, Miller E, Farrington C P, et al. Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: no epidemiological evidence for a causal association[J]. The Lancet, 1999, 353(9169): 2026-2029.

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  • 魔法✖️生物,搞个交叉学科如何?| 哈利波特里的生物
    May 14 2025


    没想到哈利波特里的生物还有续集!这期我们玩个不一样的:假如拿魔法和生物做一个交叉学科,如果要研究魔法生物学,可以研究些什么?课题名列在这了,就来看看是魔法世界神奇一点,还是生物世界更加魔幻吧!

    时间点:

    5:07 课题1: 脊椎动物是否存在趋光性现象:以嗅嗅为模式生物的研究

    20:02 课题2: 独角兽类角结构的发育过程探究:以独角鲸为例

    37:26 课题3: 基于现有物种的鹰头马身有翼兽(Hippogriff)飞行演化难度分析

    53:08 课题4: 快速移动的植物:以魔鬼网与打人柳为例

    1:12:51 课题5: 从魔法曼德拉草出发,探究植物发声的可能性与相关机制

    1:29:27 课题6: 鳃囊草可操作性分析及更佳的替代植物探索

    1:46:02 课题7: 深入探究人类说谎的神经机制:基于吐真剂的信号追踪

    涉及BGM:

    George Benson - Thunder Walk

    Harry's Wondrous World

    Leaving Hogwarts

    麻瓜科学家参考文献:

    趋光性相关研究:

    Jékely G. Evolution of phototaxis[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2009, 364(1531): 2795-2808.

    独角鲸研究:

    Nweeia M T, Nutarak C, Eichmiller F C, et al. Considerations of anatomy, morphology, evolution, and function for narwhal dentition[J]. Smithsonian at the poles: contributions to International Polar Year science, 2009.

    Hallahan T, Martin E, Vandewynckele-Bossut M, et al. Design, Purpose and Specificity of the Narwhal’s Tusk[J].

    Dietz R, Desforges J P, Rigét F F, et al. Analysis of narwhal tusks reveals lifelong feeding ecology and mercury exposure[J]. Current Biology, 2021, 31(9): 2012-2019. e2.

    快速移动的植物:

    Mano H, Hasebe M. Rapid movements in plants[J]. Journal of plant research, 2021, 134(1): 3-17.

    Forterre Y. Slow, fast and furious: understanding the physics of plant movements[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2013, 64(15): 4745-4760.

    Taylor P E, Card G, House J, et al. High-speed pollen release in the white mulberry tree, Morus alba L[J]. Sexual Plant Reproduction, 2006, 19: 19-24.

    Brownlee C. Plant physiology: Anatomy of a plant action potential[J]. Current Biology, 2022, 32(19): R1000-R1002.

    植物发声研究:

    Khait I, Lewin-Epstein O, Sharon R, et al. Sounds emitted by plants under stress are airborne and informative[J]. Cell, 2023, 186(7): 1328-1336. e10.

    肺、鱼鳃与植物共生的研究:

    Li Y, Hu M, Zhang Z, et al. Origin and stepwise evolution of vertebrate lungs[J]. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2025: 1-20.

    Reynolds R, Ringrose C. Gillyweed–Drowning with Gills?[J]. Journal of Interdisciplinary Science Topics, Volume 5, 2016: 52.

    Kerney R, Kim E, Hangarter R P, et al. Intracellular invasion of green algae in a salamander host[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011, 108(16): 6497-6502.

    Petherick A. A solar salamander[J]. 2010.

    说谎的神经机制研究:

    Abe N. How the brain shapes deception: An integrated review of the literature[J]. The Neuroscientist, 2011, 17(5): 560-574.

    Zhou J, Gu T, Jin F. A review of the neural mechanisms of deception[J]. Open Access Library Journal, 2020, 7(10): 1-9.

    分院帽性格测试的研究:

    Baimas-George M, Vrochides D. The sorting hat of medicine: why Hufflepuffs wear stethoscopes and Slytherins carry scalpels[J]. Journal of Surgical Education, 2020, 77(4): 772-778.

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  • 长胖“借口”大全(建议收藏)|漫谈“肥胖”
    May 6 2025
    “肥胖”这个话题在我们漫谈选题的计划里很久了,我们一直想找个机会全面、系统地聊聊。结果没想到与肥胖有关的内容这么多!于是这一期,我们先单独从“肥胖”出发,跟你唠一唠长胖都有哪些“借口”:BMI高真的就是肥胖吗?压力会导致肥胖吗?肥胖是不是食品加工的锅?动物们也这么胖它们怎么就这么健康?只希望一切借口,都不能阻止你注意到肥胖这个问题有多严重! 加听友群微信号:bio_kiwi 时间点:0:03:09 体重管理年0:06:12 BMI的使用与起源0:09:05 BMI的标准与中西方差异0:10:56 BMI使用局限性1:无法区分体脂率0:13:41 BMI使用局限性2:无法体现腰臀比0:15:59 BMI使用局限性3:衰老的影响0:18:14 体脂测量其实可能不是那么准确0:20:18 体脂秤的正确用法0:21:11 其他体脂测量方法0:27:31 看起来"健康"但是实际肥胖的情况0:31:09 健身达人们可能面临的健康困扰0:34:09 BMI与体脂都高但健康的人群0:36:36 节俭基因假说:肥胖在过去是一种“有利”性状?0:41:37 基因漂变假说:肥胖的起源也许是随机出现的0:43:21 影响肥胖的基因都是哪些功能0:46:47 脂肪细胞其实也不坏,甚至很重要0:50:30 米色脂肪的研究会是减肥的新法子吗?0:54:58 瘦素是如何调节我们的食欲进而影响肥胖的?1:01:47 舌头原来也有感觉脂肪的味觉?1:03:58 最近几年我们的饮食习惯发生了什么改变1:05:48 食品的加工也是影响肥胖的关键因素1:09:56 高糖饮食对与肥胖的影响1:11:51 什么是胰岛素抵抗?为什么会与肥胖相关?1:17:39 细嚼慢咽其实更不容易长胖1:19:55 暴饮暴食的习惯也和基因有关?1:23:32 FTO基因对于肥胖的影响1:24:52 不同动物的体脂率会是多少?1:28:49 鲸鱼的“肥胖”1:33:12 北极熊的”肥胖“1:34:42 冬眠动物的”肥胖“1:39:54 昆虫的”肥胖“与脂肪体1:44:52 鱼类的”肥胖“与洞穴鱼的突变1:50:30 宠物们的肥胖问题1:57:23 动物园动物的肥胖问题2:00:53 结尾讨论 涉及BGM:火箭少女101 - 卡路里Celebrate-Joakim KarudGeorge Benson - Thunder Walk 部分参考资料:Nuttall F Q. Body mass index: obesity, BMI, and health: a critical review[J]. Nutrition today, 2015, 50(3): 117-128.Keys A, Fidanza F, Karvonen M J, et al. Indices of relative weight and obesity[J]. International journal of epidemiology, 2014, 43(3): 655-665.Ye Y, Leeming J. By the numbers: China's changing diet[J]. Nature, 2023.Wang L, Wang H, Zhang B, et al. Elevated fat intake increases body weight and the risk of overweight and obesity among Chinese adults: 1991–2015 trends[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12(11): 3272.Wu T, Xu S. Understanding the contemporary high obesity rate from an evolutionary genetic perspective[J]. Hereditas, 2023, 160(1): 5.Loos R J F, Yeo G S H. The genetics of obesity: from discovery to biology[J]. Nature Reviews Genetics, 2022, 23(2): 120-133.Wang Z, Chen Z, Xu S, et al. ‘Obesity’is healthy for cetaceans? Evidence from pervasive positive selection in genes related to triacylglycerol metabolism[J]. Scientific reports, 2015, 5(1): 14187.Liu S, Lorenzen E D, Fumagalli M, et al. Population genomics reveal recent speciation and rapid evolutionary adaptation in polar bears[J]. Cell, 2014, 157(4): 785-794.https://www.bbc.com/ukchina/simp/vert_earth/2015/09/150915_vert_earth_the-fattest-animal-on-earthYuan S, Liu Y, Liang W, et al. Association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in nutrition, 2021, 8: 700936.Hinte L C, Castellano-Castillo D, Ghosh A, et al. Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss[J]. Nature, 2024: 1-9.https://thefisheriesblog.com/2018/01/08/fat-fish/Aspiras A C, Rohner N, Martineau B, et al. Melanocortin 4 receptor mutations contribute to the adaptation of cavefish to nutrient-poor conditions[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015, 112(31): 9668-9673.German A J. The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats[J]. The Journal of nutrition, 2006, 136(7): 1940S-1946S.Kloock S, Ziegler C G, Dischinger U. Obesity and its comorbidities, current treatment options and future perspectives: challenging bariatric surgery?[J]. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2023, 251: 108549.Bertile F, Habold C, Le Maho Y, et al. Body protein sparing in hibernators: a source for biomedical innovation[J]. Frontiers in physiology, 2021, 12: 634953.
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    2 h y 9 m
  • 50年前的AI是怎么影响医疗行业?|生科×AI
    Mar 27 2025

    伴随着ChatGPT与DeepSeek的大热,各行各业都逐渐接入了AI,这其中生命科学与医疗行业,无疑是与AI绑定最深的行业之一。毕竟从50年前开始,在那个人工智能领域刚刚出现的时期,就已经有不少科学家在尝试把AI应用到医疗服务行业了,甚至他们考虑的问题,比我们今天思考的还要超前一些……

    加听友群微信:bio_kiwi

    时间点:

    02:08 AI×生物系列介绍

    05:07 今天的医院里AI深入到什么程度了?

    16:48 1970年一篇思考AI应用到医疗的未来的文章

    29:23 费根鲍姆等人开发的DENDRAL与MYCIN系统

    59:17 迈尔斯等人开发的INTERNIST-1系统

    73:19 中国最早的专家系统

    涉及BGM:

    《焦点访谈》节目开头

    aqua - 坂本龙一

    George Benson - Thunder Walk

    参考资料:

    焦点访谈丨辅助诊断、AI问答、健康管理……AI正重塑医疗服务链条

    https://content-static.cctvnews.cctv.com/snow-book/index.html?item_id=7454276325991155331&toc_style_id=feeds_default&share_to=copy_url&track_id=2367f947-9b00-4c0b-afa4-ac7f2170124f

    《卫生健康行业人工智能应用场景参考指引》http://www.nhc.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/gongwen12/202411/647062ee76764323b29a1f0124b64400.shtml

    Hirani R, Noruzi K, Khuram H, et al. Artificial intelligence and healthcare: a journey through history, present innovations, and future possibilities[J]. Life, 2024, 14(5): 557.

    Kaul V, Enslin S, Gross S A. History of artificial intelligence in medicine[J]. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2020, 92(4): 807-812.

    Reddy S. Use of artificial intelligence in healthcare delivery[J]. eHealth-making health care smarter, 2018: 81-97.

    Sutton R T, Pincock D, Baumgart D C, et al. An overview of clinical decision support systems: benefits, risks, and strategies for success[J]. NPJ digital medicine, 2020, 3(1): 17.

    Schwartz W B. Medicine and the computer: the promise and problems of change[M]//Use and impact of computers in clinical medicine. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1970: 321-335.

    Kassirer J P. William B. Schwartz, MD, 1923-2009[J]. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2009, 53(6): A27-A29.

    Buchanan B G, Shortliffe E H. Rule based expert systems: the mycin experiments of the stanford heuristic programming project (the Addison-Wesley series in artificial intelligence)[M]. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., 1984.

    Buchanan B G. Oral history interview with Bruce G. Buchanan[J]. 1991.

    Feigenbaum E A. Oral history interview with Edward Feigenbaum[J]. 1989.

    McCorduck P. The Scientific Life of Edward A. Feigenbaum[J]. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 2022, 44(1): 123-128.

    Victor L Y, Fagan L M, Wraith S M, et al. Antimicrobial selection by a computer: a blinded evaluation by infectious diseases experts[J]. Jama, 1979, 242(12): 1279-1282.

    Miller R A, Pople Jr H E, Myers J D. Internist-I, an experimental computer-based diagnostic consultant for general internal medicine[M]//Computer-assisted medical decision making. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985: 139-158.

    Miller R A. A history of the INTERNIST-1 and Quick Medical Reference (QMR) computer-assisted diagnosis projects, with lessons learned[J]. Yearbook of medical informatics, 2010, 19(01): 121-136.

    “关幼波肝病诊疗程序”诞生始末:https://www.bjzhongyi.com/gzb_mygs_detail/4656.html

    Kulikowski C A. Beginnings of artificial intelligence in medicine (AIM): computational artifice assisting scientific inquiry and clinical art–with reflections on present aim challenges[J]. Yearbook of medical informatics, 2019, 28(01): 249-256.


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  • 鸡也要打疫苗?鼻塞不是鼻涕太多?| 漫谈"流感"
    Mar 6 2025
    今年的流感似乎比过去几年来的更加凶猛,身边不少朋友都纷纷“中招”——但是好像大家对流感还是存在着不小的疑问,我们这一期就来给大家盘点一下各种与流感相关的问题:流感和感冒、新冠、细菌感染有什么区别?为什么流感病毒每年都那么来势汹汹?我们的身体是怎么抵抗流感的?鼻塞是什么原因?禽流感与人流感有什么区别?流感疫苗到底有没有必要打?鸡鸭鹅也会打流感疫苗吗?希望这一期能给你解答,大部分关于流感的疑惑~ 时间点:0:01:27 流感与感冒症状的区别0:03:16 普通感冒其实也是病毒引起的0:03:57 气温骤降为什么容易感冒?0:08:53 新冠后流感疫苗的接种也在变化0:10:15 密闭空间下的病毒传播0:13:36 南北方差异下的病毒传播0:16:42 流感与新冠症状的差异0:18:47 流感与细菌感染症状的差异0:22:38 感冒发烧时常见的药物机制0:24:27 身体免疫系统如何应对流感病毒0:27:53 感冒鼻塞时常见的有效方法0:33:19 流感病毒类型的划分0:36:23 流感病毒“撬开”宿主细胞的过程0:39:31 特效药奥司他韦的原理0:40:17 流感疫苗研发小史0:44:25 禽流感与人流感的不同0:48:52 猪流感病毒又是从何而来?0:50:39 一个案例:鸟类体内病毒是如何快速演化的0:56:37 禽流感病毒在猫和狗身上的传播1:00:16 英文流感与中文感冒词语的来源1:06:10 中国过去二十年推广禽流感疫苗的努力1:13:07 流感疫苗接种呼吁以及哪些高危人群要优先接种1:19:06 未来的流感疫苗是什么样的 与免疫系统相关的动画《工作细胞》相关的推送:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MkpZwA4CAr1oi9dyJdN4IQ 涉及BGM:George Benson - Thunder Walk2005年禽流感时流行的网络歌曲《我不想说我是鸡》 参考资料:Eccles R. Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Nov;5(11):718-25. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID: 16253889; PMCID: PMC7185637.Moriyama M, Hugentobler WJ, Iwasaki A. Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections. Annu Rev Virol. 2020 Sep 29;7(1):83-101. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445. Epub 2020 Mar 20. PMID: 32196426.Świerczyńska M, Mirowska-Guzel DM, Pindelska E. Antiviral Drugs in Influenza. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 4;19(5):3018. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19053018. PMID: 35270708; PMCID: PMC8910682.McLean HQ, Belongia EA. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness: New Insights and Challenges. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2021 Jun 1;11(6):a038315. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038315. PMID: 31988202; PMCID: PMC8168527. Eccles R. Efficacy and safety of over-the-counter analgesics in the treatment of common cold and flu. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2006 Aug;31(4):309-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2006.00754.x. PMID: 16882099.流感病毒综述:Influenza Pathogenesis and Control-Volume I[R]. Springer International Publishing, 2014.Wang J. Overview of Influenza[J]. Radiology of Influenza: A Practical Approach, 2016: 3-4.流感病毒表面蛋白:Böttcher-Friebertshäuser E, Garten W, Matrosovich M, et al. The hemagglutinin: a determinant of pathogenicity[J]. Influenza Pathogenesis and Control-Volume I, 2014: 3-34.Russell C J, Hu M, Okda F A. Influenza hemagglutinin protein stability, activation, and pandemic risk[J]. Trends in microbiology, 2018, 26(10): 841-853.流感的进化Nelson M I, Holmes E C. The evolution of epidemic influenza[J]. Nature reviews genetics, 2007, 8(3): 196-205.Bi Y, Yang J, Wang L, et al. Ecology and evolution of avian influenza viruses[J]. Current Biology, 2024, 34(15): R716-R721.猫和狗中的流感传播:Harder T C, Vahlenkamp T W. Influenza virus infections in dogs and cats[J]. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 2010, 134(1-2): 54-60.Kuiken T, Rimmelzwaan G, van Riel D, et al. Avian H5N1 influenza in cats[J]. Science, 2004, 306(5694): 241-241.流感传播:Killingley B, Nguyen‐Van‐Tam J. Routes of influenza transmission[J]. Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2013, 7: 42-51.流感疫苗:中国流感疫苗预防接种技术指南(2023-2024) https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)Wong S S, Webby R J. Traditional and new influenza vaccines[J]. Clinical microbiology reviews, 2013, 26(3): 476-492.Lim C M L, Komarasamy T V, Adnan N A A B, et al. Recent advances, approaches and challenges in the development of universal influenza vaccines[J]. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses,https://laskerfoundation.org/the-spanish-1918-flu-and-the-current-covid-19-pandemic/.science.org/content/article/bird-shots-vaccinating-poultry-best-defense-deadly-bird-fluShi J, Zeng X, Cui P, et al. Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies[J]. Emerging microbes & infections, 2023, 12(1): 2155072.流感偏门知识:https://laskerfoundation.org/the-spanish-1918-...
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  • 怀胎3年?30年都没问题啊!| 哪吒里的生物
    Feb 17 2025
    怀胎三年真的可能吗?哪吒抽的龙筋到底是一个什么部位?为什么老祖宗们编故事要用荷花莲藕给哪吒重生?哪吒里面都还有哪些值得一聊的生物小八卦?今年《哪吒之魔童脑海》火了,没几周票房就突破百亿,这两天马上就是世界动画电影票房冠军,即使是不擅长蹭热点的我们,也要来聊聊,哪吒里的生物!时间点:06:46 哪吒母亲怀胎三年与妊娠过期15:11 世界上妊娠期最长的胎儿17:22 世界上时间最长的胎儿22:28 哪吒暴躁的性格会是天生的吗?31:22 “我命由我不由天”的生物学联想35:26 哪吒抽走的龙筋到底是个啥39:48 龙的生物分类学43:17 龙的故事竟然和植物化石密切相关?47:05 莲花的三个特点竟然和哪吒密切相关!1:00:25 哪吒敖丙共生联想到的生物“操控意识”1:12:03 哪吒2里的动物:土拨鼠/旱獭1:17:08 哪吒2里的动物:极具中国地域特色的妖怪1:19:20 哪吒2里的动物:章鱼真的有再生能力!就是没那么快1:22:40 哪吒2里的动物:煮螃蟹的时候螃蟹会觉得疼吗?1:26:17 哪吒2里的动物:有动物可以扛得住“三昧真火”吗?涉及BGM:动画《十万个冷笑话》《哪吒闹海》部分片段《哪吒之魔童脑海》部分预告片片段王朝1982 - 我乃哪吒三太子George Benson - Thunder Walk参考资料:过期妊娠综述:Galal M, Symonds I, Murray H, et al. Postterm pregnancy[J]. Facts, views & vision in ObGyn, 2012, 4(3): 175.十大妊娠之最:https://www.livescience.com/strangest-pregnancies-in-the-world#section-oldest-human-embryo-carried-to-termhttps://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2022/11/21/health/30-year-old-embryos-twins/index.html最长的妊娠期:https://www.mamamia.com.au/longest-human-pregnancy/https://time.com/archive/6599519/medicine-prodigious-pregnancy/性格是遗传的吗:Sanchez‐Roige S, Gray J C, MacKillop J, et al. The genetics of human personality[J]. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 2018, 17(3): e12439.Waltes R, Chiocchetti A G, Freitag C M. The neurobiological basis of human aggression: a review on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms[J]. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 2016, 171(5): 650-675.Savitz J B, Cupido C L, Ramesar R S. Trends in suicidology: personality as an endophenotype for molecular genetic investigations[J]. PLoS medicine, 2006, 3(5): e107.Krueger R F, South S, Johnson W, et al. The heritability of personality is not always 50%: Gene‐environment interactions and correlations between personality and parenting[J]. Journal of personality, 2008, 76(6): 1485-1522.看似是龙的植物化石:Poli D B, Stoneman L. Drawing new boundaries: Finding the origins of dragons in Carboniferous plant fossils[J]. Leonardo, 2020, 53(1): 50-57.莲花的特点:Lin Z, Zhang C, Cao D, et al. The latest studies on lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)-an emerging horticultural model plant[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2019, 20(15): 3680.Shen‐Miller J, Mudgett M B, Schopf J W, et al. Exceptional seed longevity and robust growth: ancient sacred lotus from China[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1995, 82(11): 1367-1380.寄生虫操纵意识:Vyas A, Kim S K, Giacomini N, et al. Behavioral changes induced by Toxoplasma infection of rodents are highly specific to aversion of cat odors[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007, 104(15): 6442-6447.Herbison R E H. Lessons in mind control: Trends in research on the molecular mechanisms behind parasite-host behavioral manipulation[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2017, 5: 102.关于哪吒里的动物的科普文章:《哪吒2》的土拨鼠火了!土拨鼠真的会发出“啊~”的声音吗?https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/j6rKZhVjGNXntn1dh15K5A申公...公...豹一家的真身是什么动物?https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/V5IaXX__nA6iqGRlDcla8g章鱼再生综述:Imperadore P, Fiorito G. Cephalopod tissue regeneration: consolidating over a century of knowledge[J]. Frontiers in physiology, 2018, 9: 593.煮螃蟹的时候会怕疼吗?Kasiouras E, Hubbard P C, Gräns A, et al. Putative Nociceptive Responses in a Decapod Crustacean: The Shore Crab (Carcinus maenas)[J]. Biology, 2024, 13(11): 851.庞贝蠕虫:Jollivet D, Mary J, Gagnière N, et al. Proteome adaptation to high temperatures in the ectothermic hydrothermal vent Pompeii worm[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(2): e31150.Clarke A. The thermal limits to life on Earth[J]. International Journal of Astrobiology, 2014, 13(2): 141-154.
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    1 h y 36 m
  • 我们是怎么从蛇聊到胎教的?|葫芦娃里的生物
    Jan 23 2025


    到了过年的时候,恰逢蛇年,我们就借着这个机会,从葫芦娃的故事出来,来唠一唠这个经典故事背后藏着什么生命科学故事:

    穿山甲真的可以把大山挖穿吗?葫芦又是否真的可以有各种各样的能力?为什么人类会这么害怕蛇?而“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳”的原理又是什么?奶树怎么看个葫芦娃还会联想到胎教?这期故事也许很杂,但是相信足够好玩有趣,也许能在新年和亲朋好友唠嗑时,成为你突然的谈资呢!


    时间点:

    2:58 从穿山甲的故事开始

    4:19 穿山甲真的可以“穿山”吗?

    8:59 穿山甲的自我保护机制有哪些?

    9:57 穿山甲的鳞片和蜥蜴有什么区别?

    13:05 穿山甲舌头的特点和咀嚼方式

    20:21 穿山甲如今为什么会是濒危动物?

    26:10 七个葫芦娃的能力如何解释?

    29:39 葫芦最早被驯化的重要功能之一——装水

    31:34 葫芦科里都有哪些知名植物

    36:21 为什么几千年前美洲新大陆就有葫芦了?

    39:46 蛇精的故事:我们真的天生就怕蛇吗?

    49:57 “一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳”的神经机制

    55:38 蛇的武器之一:缠绕

    59:02 蛇的武器之二:蛇毒的进化

    64:04 蛇毒血清与新的抗毒策略

    70:42 蛇的运动方式都有哪些?

    78:27 葫芦娃里的其他反派:罂粟花与蝎子精

    79:46 七娃的跳反与现实中的胎教


    涉及BGM:

    动画《葫芦兄弟》部分片段

    George Benson - Thunder Walk


    参考资料:

    穿山甲相关:

    Ingram D J, Coad L, Abernethy K A, et al. Assessing Africa‐wide pangolin exploitation by scaling local data[J]. Conservation Letters, 2018, 11(2): e12389.

    Zhang F, Wu S, Cen P. The past, present and future of the pangolin in Mainland China[J]. Global Ecology and Conservation, 2022, 33: e01995.

    葫芦相关:

    Chomicki G, Schaefer H, Renner S S. Origin and domestication of Cucurbitaceae crops: insights from phylogenies, genomics and archaeology[J]. New Phytologist, 2020, 226(5): 1240-1255.

    Kistler L, Montenegro Á, Smith B D, et al. Transoceanic drift and the domestication of African bottle gourds in the Americas[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014, 111(8): 2937-2941.

    对蛇的恐惧和恐惧泛化:

    Tierney K J, Connolly M K. A review of the evidence for a biological basis for snake fears in humans[J]. The Psychological Record, 2013, 63: 919-928.

    Boback S M, McCann K J, Wood K A, et al. Snake constriction rapidly induces circulatory arrest in rats[J]. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2015, 218(14): 2279-2288.

    Van Le Q, Isbell L A, Matsumoto J, et al. Pulvinar neurons reveal neurobiological evidence of past selection for rapid detection of snakes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(47): 19000-19005.

    蛇毒相关:

    Fry B G. From genome to “venome”: molecular origin and evolution of the snake venom proteome inferred from phylogenetic analysis of toxin sequences and related body proteins[J]. Genome research, 2005, 15(3): 403-420.

    Tasoulis T, Isbister G K. A review and database of snake venom proteomes[J]. Toxins, 2017, 9(9): 290.

    Vázquez Torres S, Benard Valle M, Mackessy S P, et al. De novo designed proteins neutralize lethal snake venom toxins[J]. Nature, 2025: 1-7.

    胎教相关:

    Partanen E, Kujala T, Näätänen R, et al. Learning-induced neural plasticity of speech processing before birth[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(37): 15145-15150.

    Learning in the Womb https://lozierinstitute.org/dive-deeper/learning-in-the-womb/

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    1 h y 34 m
  • 我们在漫画里看到了人类科学的起源|串台菠萝油子
    Jan 15 2025

    这一期我们有一点点不一样,我们不聊生命科学,但是还是在科学的范畴里,我们来聊聊科学史。但还有一点点不一样的是,这还是一期串台节目,而且也是我们一次大跨行的尝试,我毛遂自荐,到动漫播客菠萝油子,和主播B哥做了一次串台,聊了聊一部与科学史相关的漫画,《地。关于地球的运动》。


    这一期其实也是我们喜欢的生命科学史的一次前传故事,聊聊科学最最最开始的一场科学革命,哥白尼革命。B哥也会给大家介绍这部漫画的故事剧情,希望你能喜欢我们的这一期尝试,也许未来,我们还会试试找不同类型的主播,试试在不同的领域里,用生命科学的角度,来聊聊这个世界。


    菠萝油子|成年人听的动漫播客


    本期剪辑:菠萝油子的BiG


    时间点:

    03:53 《地。关于地球的运动》:一部深刻的青年版科学漫画

    13:08 人类文明与星空的不解之缘

    21:34 漫画剧情的开端

    24:19 古希腊人对世界和宇宙的理解

    27:49 漫画第一段故事:12岁的拉法尔如何捍卫日心说

    33:58 哥白尼的科学革命开端

    42:53 漫画第二段故事:铁打的宗教审判官

    50:18 托勒密怎么解释火星逆行现象

    56:18 哥白尼的日心说又怎么解释火星逆行

    01:03:18 漫画第二段故事:欧库基、巴德尼与乔兰达的三人小分队

    01:12:56 古希腊的日心说“异教徒”理论

    01:21:02 漫画第二段故事:老伯爵对地心说的坚持

    01:32:22 第谷:连接地心说与日心说的桥梁

    01:38:26 开普勒狂热的哥白尼信仰

    01:50:24 伽利略与他的神器望远镜

    01:58:31 漫画第三段故事:异端解放战队与印刷术

    02:15:18 哥白尼其实没受到教会的压迫

    02:19:19 哥白尼支持者布鲁诺与伽利略的宗教迫害经历

    02:26:57 马丁路德与赎罪券:教会改革的导火索

    02:41:49 漫画收尾:艺术与科学史的交织


    部分参考资料:

    约翰·A. 舒斯特. 《科学史与科学哲学导论》

    Aaboe A. Episodes from the early history of astronomy[M]. New York: Springer, 2001.

    Scholz E. From heliocentrism to epicycles: A commentary on pre-Ptolemaic astronomy[J]. Mastering the History of Pure and Applied Mathematics: Essays in Honor of Jesper Lützen, 2024: 207.

    Grosu E. The Heliocentrism of the Ancient: between Geometry and Physics[J]. Hermeneia: Journal of Hermeneutics, Art Theory & Criticism, 2019 (23).

    Gingerich O. Islamic astronomy[J]. Scientific American, 1986, 254(4): 74-83.

    维基百科相关词条

    汪有. 《于是一片光明》

    托马斯·库恩. 《科学革命的结构》

    江晓原. 徐光启与《崇祯历书》

    程鹗. 科学随笔:伽利略与公爵、教皇及信仰


    【BGM】

    Kyle Xian - 怪獣(地。-关于地球的运动- OP)

    Hans Zimmer - The Wormhole

    Chris Spheeris - Enchantment

    王力宏 - 星座

    治愈系 听过这个的都成家了 圣斗士冥王片OP《地球仪》指弹吉他改编

    Thomas Newman - Mentions in Dispatches

    陈雪燃 - 哥白尼

    Hans Zimmer - Dust

    Lorne Balfe - Forbidden Love

    Lorne Balfe - Time and Space

    Hans Zimmer - Ad Arcana

    Hans Zimmer - Salvete Virgines

    「夜空中最亮的星」这可能就是指弹吉他的魅力By. 李志彬

    John Adams - Bohemian Rhapsody (Acoustic)

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    2 h y 59 m