Host: Sabiha Gati

Guest: Gianfranco Parati

Want to watch this extended interview? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2561?resource=interview

Want to watch the episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2561

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices.

Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Sabiha Gati and Nicolle Kraenkel have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

David Duncker has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honorary from Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Biotronik, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientifics, Bristol Meyers Squibb, CVRx, Daiichi Sankyo, Medtronic, Microport, Pfizer, Sanofi, Zoll.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Gianfranco Parati has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Merck Sharp and Dohme, Omron Healthcare, Viatris.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson.

This episode covers:

• Cardiology this Week: A concise summary of recent studies
• What's new in hypertension?
• Why I favour a critical approach in cardiology
• Snapshots

Host: Sabiha Gati

Guests: Konstantinos Koskinas, Gianfranco Parati, John Mandrola, Yasmina Bououdina

Want to watch this episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2561

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices.

Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Sabiha Gati, Nicolle Kraenkel and John Mandrola have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

David Duncker has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honorary from Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Biotronik, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientifics, Bristol Meyers Squibb, CVRx, Daiichi Sankyo, Medtronic, Microport, Pfizer, Sanofi, Zoll.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Gianfranco Parati has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Merck Sharp and Dohme, Omron Healthcare, Viatris.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson.

This Special Episode on Atrial Fibrillation covers:

• Cardiology this Week: A concise summary of recent studies
• Atrial fibrillation burden: clinical relevance of a new outcome
• Pulsed field ablation: game changer?
• Drug treatment following atrial fibrillation ablation
• Spotlight: Holiday Heart Syndrome

Host: Rick Grobbee

Guests: Rick Grobbee, Konstantinos Koskinas, Jason Andrade, Arian Sultan, Michiel Rienstra

Want to watch that special episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2549

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices.

Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests: Stephan Achenbach, Jason Andrade, Yasmina Bououdina, Rick Grobbee and Nicolle Kraenkel have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Michiel Rienstra has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy fees from Bayer (OCEANIC-AF national PI) , InCarda Therapeutics (RESTORE-SR national PI), Novartis to the institution. Speaker fee from Daiichi-Sankyo, Pfizer to the institution. Unrestricted research grant from the Dutch Heart Foundation and is conducted in collaboration with and supported by the Dutch CardioVascular Alliance, 01-002-2022-0118 EmbRACE. Unrestricted research grant from ZonMW and the Dutch Heart Foundation; DECISION project 848090001. Unrestricted research grants from the Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative: an initiative with support of the Dutch Heart Foundation; RACE V (CVON 2014–9), RED-CVD (CVON2017-11). Unrestricted research grant from Top Sector Life Sciences & Health to the Dutch Heart Foundation (PPP Allowance; CVON-AI (2018B017). Unrestricted research grant from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement; EHRA-PATHS (945260). This research is funded by the Dutch Heart Foundation and is conducted in collaboration with and supported by the Dutch CardioVascular Alliance, 01 -002 -2022 -0118 EmbRACE.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts

Host: Sabiha Gati

Guest: Thomas F. Luescher

Want to watch that extended interview on The future of guidelines in an era of Big Data and AI, go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2556?resource=interview

Want to watch the full episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2556

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices.

Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC.

All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Sabiha Gati, Nicolle Kraenkel and Thomas F. Luescher have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede. John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson.

This episode covers:

• Cardiology this Week: A concise summary of recent studies
• The future of guidelines in an era of big data and AI
• Exercise in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Snapshots

Host: Sabiha Gati

Guests: Kostas Koskinas, Thomas F. Luescher, Michael Papadakis, Stephan Achenbach

Want to watch that episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2556

Want to watch the extended interview on The future of guidelines in an era of Big Data and AI, go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2556?resource=interview

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices.

Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC.

All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Sabiha Gati, Nicolle Kraenkel and Thomas F. Luescher have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede. John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson.

Host: Rick Grobbee

Guest: Annemien van den Bosch

Want to watch that extended interview on Atrial septal defects in adults, go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2552?resource=interview

Want to watch the full episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2552

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices. Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Rick Grobbee, Nicolle Kraenkel and Annemien van den Bosch have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson

This episode covers:

Cardiology This Week: A concise summary of recent studies

Atrial septal defects in adults

Conservative and invasive management of chronic coronary syndromes

Milestones: 4S trial

Host: Rick Grobbee

Guests: JP Carpenter, Annemien van den Bosch, Rasha Al-Lamee, Roxana Mehran

Want to watch the episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2552

Want to watch the extended interview on Atrial septal defects in adults, go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2552?resource=interview

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices. Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina, Rick Grobbee, Nicolle Kraenkel and Annemien van den Bosch have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

Rasha Al-Lamee has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report:speaker's fees for Menarini pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Philips, Medtronic, Servier, Shockwave, Elixir. Advisory board: Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Philips, Shockwave, CathWorks, Elixir, Astrazeneca. Consulting Fees: Menarini pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Philips, Shockwave, Elixir, IsomAB, VahatiCor, SpectraWave, AstraZeneca, Cathworks, Janssen Pharmaceuticals.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Roxana Mehran has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: institutional research payments from Abbott, Alleviant Medical, Chiesi, Concept Medical, Cordis, CPC Clinical Research, Daiichi Sankyo, Duke, Faraday Pharmaceuticals, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, MedAlliance, Medtronic, NewAmsterdam Pharma, Novartis, Novo Nordisk Inc., Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Protembis GmbH, Radcliffe, RM Global Bioaccess Fund Management, Sanofi US Services, Inc. ; personal fees from: None ; Equity <1% in: Stel, ControlRad (spouse) ; No Fees from: SCAI (Women in Innovations Committee Member), Faculty Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF), Women as One (Founding Director) ; Honorarium:AMA - JAMA Cardiology (Associate Editor), ACC (Vice President, BOT Member, SC Member CTR Program).

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson

Host: Emer Joyce

Guest: Borge Nordestgaard

Want to watch that extended interview on Lp(a) and aortic valve stenosis, go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2548?resource=interview

Want to watch the full episode? Go to: https://esc365.escardio.org/event/2548

Disclaimer:

ESC TV Today is supported by Novartis through an independent funding. The programme has not been influenced in any way by its funding partner.

This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices. Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC.

All declarations of interest are listed at the end of the episode.

The ESC is not liable for any translated content of this video. The English language always prevails.

Declarations of interests:

Stephan Achenbach, Yasmina Bououdina and Nicolle Kraenkel have declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.

Carlos Aguiar has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: personal fees for consultancy and/or speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BiAL, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ferrer, Gilead, GSK, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, Tecnimede.

John-Paul Carpenter has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: stockholder MyCardium AI.

Davide Capodanno has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott Vascular, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, Terumo.

Emer Joyce has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Alnylam, Bayer, Pfizer, Fire-1.

Konstantinos Koskinas has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: honoraria from MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi.

Felix Mahfoud has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR219), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK), Deutsche Herzstiftung, Ablative Solutions, ReCor Medical. Consulting fees, payment honoraria lectures, presentations, speaker, support travel costs: Ablative Solutions, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Inari, Recor Medical, Medtronic, Philips, Merck.

Borge Nordestgaard has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancies/talks for AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Ionis, Amgen, Amarin, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Esperion, Lilly, Arrowhead, Marea, Merck, Torrent, USV – honoraria used for research.

Steffen Petersen has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: consultancy for Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Emma Svennberg has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson.