Blank Space

A Cultural History of the Twenty-First Century

By: W. David Marx

Narrated by: Frits Zernike

A New York Times Book Review Editors’ Choice · A Washington Post Notable Nonfiction Book of 2025 · A People Best Book of November 2025 · An NPR Most Anticipated Book of Fall 2025

A revealing exploration of a quarter century of cultural stagnation, examining the commercial and technological forces that have come to dominate contemporary culture—from music and fashion to art, film, TV, and beyond

Over the past twenty-five years, pop culture has suffered from a perplexing lack of reinvention. We’ve entered a cultural “blank space”—an era when reboots, rehashes, and fads flourish, while bold artistic experimentation struggles to gain recognition. Why is risk no longer rewarded, and how did playing it safe become the formula for success? Acclaimed cultural historian W. David Marx sets out to uncover the answers.

In this ambitious cultural history, Marx guides us through the blur of the twenty-first century so far, from the Obama era to the rise of K-pop, from Paris Hilton to the Marvel cinematic universe, from Beyoncé and Taylor Swift to . . . Beyoncé and Taylor Swift, whose enduring influence highlights both their adaptability and the broader shifts in pop culture. Combining sociological, economic, and political insights with a deep dive into art, street culture, fashion, and technology, Blank Space dissects the rise of profit-driven, formulaic trends and the shifting cultural norms that often prioritize going viral over innovation. He reveals how backlash against indie snobbery and nineties counterculture gave rise to a “counter-counterculture”—one marked by antiliberal sentiment, the celebration of business heroes, and the increasing influence of industry plants and the elite class. In a world of crypto bros, nepo babies, and AI-driven art, Marx offers readers a much-needed dose of clarity and context.

Vibrantly narrated and sharply argued, Blank Space is an essential guide for anyone looking to understand the chaos of the twenty-first century, the trends, tastemakers, and icons who shaped it, and how we might push our culture forward over the next quarter century—through renewed emphasis on creativity, community, and the values that transcend mere profit.

Decline and Fall of Shared Culture

A great cultural analysis about the social, political and technological changes that took place from 2000 to 2025 and how they resulted in a cultural blank space, and overall, Marx is very accurate. One of the overarching themes in the book is that art, music, and culture became eclipsed by commercialization. He makes the case that when making money becomes the primary incentive, the quality of art and culture becomes watered-down and is less likely to challenge the status quo.

Other global events like the 2008 recession played a role too as executives became more risk averse and relied on established artists and franchises instead of investing in something new. This is evident in the growth of remakes, reboots and sequels in entertainment.

While the author is very knowledgeable about art and culture, he's not as knowledgeable in other areas. In chapter 13, he implied that all vitamins and supplements are placebos and scams. While there are bad actors, there are plenty of supplement companies that make products based on science and data and don't have a celebrity spokesperson. The examples he used were from celebrity endorsed products, which shows an availability bias.

His solution for addressing the cultural blank space is unclear and probably unrealistic. It also doesn't factor in the role that A.I. generated art and music will play. You can't put the toothpaste back in the tube. There would need to be a mass rejection of the status quo for that to happen, and as long as money is the primary incentive, I don't see people abandoning their source of income any time soon nor the convenience of quick access. There certainly does need to be a balance between making quality art and being able to make a living, but ultimately art scene cred doesn't pay bills.

Great review of our few two decades

Without trying to predict what is next he offers insight into how we’ve gotten to this point