In this conversation, Jon and Dylan Wiliam delve into cognitive load theory, exploring its implications for teaching and learning. They discuss the distinction between biologically primary and secondary knowledge, the importance of understanding cognitive load in the classroom, and effective teaching strategies that can enhance student learning. Dylan emphasizes the need for teachers to be aware of their own cognitive load and how it affects their students, advocating for instructional methods that support all learners, particularly those with lower working memory capacity. The discussion highlights the scientific basis of cognitive load theory and its practical applications in education, encouraging teachers to adopt strategies that facilitate deeper learning and retention.

Follow on Twitter: @DylanWiliam | @bamradionetwork | @jonHarper70bd

Dylan Wiliam is Emeritus Professor of Educational Assessment at University College London. After a first degree in mathematics and physics, and one year teaching in a private school, he taught in inner-city schools in London for seven years. In 1984 he joined Chelsea College, University of London, which later merged with King’s College London. From 1996 to 2001 he was the Dean of the School of Education at King’s, and from 2001 to 2003, Assistant Principal of the College. In 2003 he moved to the USA, as Senior Research Director at the Educational Testing Service in Princeton, NJ. From 2006 to 2010 he was Deputy Director of the Institute of Education, University of London. Over the last 15 years, his academic work has focused on the use of assessment to support learning (sometimes called formative assessment). He now works with groups of teachers all over the world on developing formative assessment practices.

This 2025 year-end review of the Teachers’ Aid podcast highlights the conversations that helped educators rise to meet multiple challenges and find new ways to support students during one of the most chaotic and destabilizing years many of us have ever experienced. It captures the thinking behind another year of educators’ remarkable commitment, resilience, and perseverance under pressure. Mic Drop is a pilot project from BRN’s Gen AI Podcast Labs. We look forward to improving the channel as the technology evolves. See an error or have a suggestion? Leave your comments below.

Related Channel: Listen to Teachers’ Aid

Listen to all 2025 Mic Drop Episodes

Follow on Twitter: @bamradionetwork | @jonHarper70bd

In this conversation, our guests discuss how retrieval practice can help all students learn, including those with ADHD and autism. For many teachers, this may challenge the assumption that retrieval practice only works for some learners. Instead, the discussion shows how, when used thoughtfully, retrieval practice can support diverse learning needs and help students build confidence, understanding, and long-term retention.

Follow on TwitteR: | @smorrisey | @effortfuleduktr | @bamradionetwork | @jonHarper70bd @SciInTheMaking

Blogs: Brain – Book – Buddy Reverse Engineering the Multiple Choice Question 5 Reasons I Begin My Class With Retrieval Practice Most Days Retrieval Is Communication.

Blake Harvard is an AP Psychology teacher at a public high school in Alabama. He is in his 20th year of teaching. He is very interested in reading research and applying findings from cognitive psychology in the classroom to improve instruction and learning.
Blake is the author of a new book: Do I have Your Attention: Understanding Memory Constraints and Maximizing Learning
He is also the author of The Effortful Educator. A popular blog with over one million hits.

Sean Morrisey is a 5th-grade teacher at Pinehurst Elementary School, located just outside of Buffalo, NY. He brings over 25 years of experience as an educator. Before becoming a classroom teacher, Sean worked as a school psychologist, a role that shaped his understanding of how children learn. For the past 18 years, he has taught 1st, 4th, and 5th grade, focusing on building strong foundations in literacy and language.
Sean’s work in vocabulary instruction has been highlighted on numerous literacy podcasts and featured in science of reading resources, including The Literacy 50 and Know Better, Do Better: Comprehension. His passion lies in integrating vocabulary seamlessly across the school day, helping students connect words to meaning in authentic and engaging ways. Sean is currently writing his own curriculum called the Word Mapping Project: Linking Sound, Spelling, and Meaning for Word Mastery.

Marcie Samayoa is a 10th-year high school chemistry teacher that shares evidence-informed teaching strategies through her blog, Scientists in the Making. She connects cognitive science principles to classroom practices, inspiring both educators and students to deepen their understanding of science.
Blog: www.scientistsinthemaking.com
Substack: scientistsinthemaking.substack.com