Episodios

  • MythBusting GLP-1s: TRUTH About Weight Loss Medications
    Aug 14 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today, we’re diving into one of the most talked-about topics in health and weight loss right now: GLP-1 medications like semaglutide and the newer dual GIP/GLP-1s like tirzepatide. You’ve probably seen the headlines, scrolled past a few TikToks, or heard a friend mention it — but with all that noise comes a lot of confusion, half-truths, and flat-out myths. Today we’re breaking it all down. What’s real? What’s hype? And what do you actually need to know if you're using these medications — or thinking about it? Let’s separate science from scare tactics and get to the truth, one myth at a time. Myth #1: GLP-1s Cause Dangerous Muscle Loss The claim: “GLP-1s cause massive muscle loss.” Truth: This is an overstatement. Some loss of lean mass is normal with any kind of weight loss — whether it’s through diet, medication, or surgery. What studies show is that with medications like semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Zepbound), about 20–25% of the total weight lost comes from lean mass, and the rest is fat — which is exactly what we’re targeting in obesity treatment. That 20–25% figure isn’t unique to these meds; it’s actually pretty typical in weight loss without focused resistance training or optimized protein intake. You may also hear “You’ll lose all your muscle and become frail on GLP-1s.” Truth: You won’t “lose all your muscle.” In fact, muscle loss is preventable by maintaining adequate protein intake, resistance training, and managing weight loss pace. Furthermore, many patients gain strength and mobility as excess weight comes off. And lastly, my favorite myth is “You can’t preserve muscle on GLP-1s.” Truth: That’s completely false — muscle loss isn’t inevitable on GLP-1s if you take the right approach. You can absolutely preserve muscle by making a few intentional choices: aim for enough protein each day (a good goal is around 0.8 grams per pound of body weight), include some strength or resistance training a couple times a week, and avoid losing weight too quickly. These simple steps go a long way in protecting your lean mass while still getting all the benefits of weight loss. One study on semaglutide showed that people lost an average of about 15% of their body weight, and only around 3–4% of that was lean mass. So if someone drops 30 pounds, maybe 6 to 8 of those pounds might be lean mass—not ideal, but definitely not disastrous either, and very manageable with the right lifestyle habits. The truth is, while some lean mass loss is expected with any type of weight loss, research shows that most of the weight lost on GLP-1s is actually fat, not muscle. For example, in the STEP 1 trial, about 80% of the weight lost on semaglutide came from fat, and only about 20% from lean tissue (as we mentioned earlier). The SURMOUNT-1 trial with tirzepatide showed similar results—significant fat loss with relatively preserved muscle, especially when paired with resistance training. And that’s important, because preserving muscle during weight loss helps protect metabolism, strength, and overall health. With good nutrition and movement, GLP-1s can lead to healthier body composition—not just a lower number on the scale. Okay, moving along to the next myth … Myth #2: GLP-1s Can Cause Blindness The truth: This myth stems from concerns about diabetic retinopathy worsening, which is tied to how quickly blood sugar drops, not to the drug itself. In the SUSTAIN-6 trial (Marso et al., NEJM, 2016), a small subset of patients with pre-existing advanced diabetic retinopathy saw transient worsening—but only in those with rapid improvements in A1c. No increased rates of blindness or new-onset retinopathy have been found in non-diabetic patients using GLP-1s for weight loss. The bottom line is that those without advanced diabetic eye disease, there’s no increased risk of blindness. Patients with diabetic retinopathy should be monitored closely—but this is about glycemic management, not a direct effect of the medication. Myth #3: GLP-1s Cause Kidney or Liver Damage The truth: This is false. In fact, GLP-1 agonists may protect kidney and liver function—especially in patients with diabetes or fatty liver disease. The most recent notable study showing kidney‑protective effects of a GLP‑1 receptor agonist is the FLOW trial, which evaluated semaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This double‑blind, randomized, placebo‑controlled trial included 3,533 participants followed for a median of 3.4 years and found that semaglutide reduced the risk of major kidney‑related events—including kidney failure, substantial eGFR decline, and death from renal or ...
    Más Menos
    17 m
  • Beyond Blood Sugar: Metformin’s Surprising Promise
    Aug 7 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today we’re switching gears a bit to talk about a medication rather than a peptide — metformin. If you’re someone who’s interested in peptides for metabolic health or inflammation, you’ve probably heard metformin mentioned alongside them. It’s been around for decades as a diabetes medication, but recently it’s gaining attention for its potential benefits beyond blood sugar, including longevity, inflammation, and neuroprotection — even in people who don't have diabetes. Let’s get into it. Metformin and Longevity Can metformin really help us live longer? One of the biggest sparks came from a 2014 study published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, where researchers found that diabetics on metformin actually lived longer than non-diabetics not taking the medication. The authors suggested that metformin may offer protective benefits beyond glucose control, possibly by reducing oxidative stress and slowing cellular aging. This inspired the launch of the TAME trial—short for Targeting Aging with Metformin—which is designed to test whether metformin can delay the onset of age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive decline. While results are still pending, it’s the first large-scale effort to study aging as a treatable condition, not just a process. Inflammation and Immunometabolism Next up: inflammation. Chronic low-grade inflammation is at the root of so many health issues—heart disease, dementia, even depression. Metformin appears to blunt systemic inflammation by activating AMPK. Think of AMPK as a metabolic master switch that lowers inflammatory signaling. A 2021 review published in Pharmacological Research found that metformin can inhibit NF-κB, a major pathway that drives inflammation. It also helped lower levels of CRP—a protein made by the liver that rises when there’s inflammation from things like infection, injury, or chronic disease—and IL-6, another immune system protein commonly elevated in chronic inflammatory conditions. Because of these anti-inflammatory effects, researchers have been exploring metformin’s potential in conditions beyond diabetes, including autoimmune diseases, multiple sclerosis (MS), PCOS, and even COVID—where it’s been linked to lower mortality in patients with diabetes. Brain Health and Neuroprotection What about the brain? Can metformin help protect against cognitive decline? There’s some promising data here too. A 2017 study in Aging Cell found that metformin improved neurogenesis in the hippocampus of aged mice—basically, helping old brains grow new neurons. In 2019 a cohort study in JAMA Network reported that people with type 2 diabetes taking metformin had a lower risk of developing dementia compared to those not taking it. Mechanisms may include reduced insulin resistance in the brain, less oxidative stress, and—again—AMPK activation, which promotes mitochondrial health and energy production. Still, human trials are mixed, and more controlled research is needed before we can call it a “smart drug.” Lower Cancer Risk So, here’s an interesting one—can metformin actually lower the risk of cancer? Well, the short answer is: maybe. People with diabetes tend to have a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer, so part of metformin’s benefit could just come from better managing blood sugar and insulin levels. But what’s really exciting is that researchers think metformin might do even more than that. There’s evidence suggesting it could have direct effects on cancer cells—like slowing down their growth or making the environment less friendly for tumors. Some studies have found lower rates of cancers like breast, colon, and prostate in people taking metformin. Now, this isn’t a magic bullet or anything, but it’s a promising area of research that’s getting a lot of attention. So metformin might be pulling double duty: managing diabetes and potentially helping reduce cancer risk through other mechanisms we’re still learning about. Metabolic Health for Non-Diabetics Now here’s where it gets controversial—should healthy people without diabetes be taking metformin? Some researchers argue yes, especially for people with metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, or high inflammation. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver glucose production, and may even support modest weight loss. That said, there are tradeoffs. Metformin can cause stomach-related side effects (e.g., nausea, gas, heartburn, and diarrhea) and vitamin B12 deficiency (which may lead to nerve damage). It can also cause extreme fatigue. Metformin may sometimes cause sexual side effects, like erectile dysfunction in men. Some studies suggest it might ...
    Más Menos
    6 m
  • Peptides For Brain Fog
    Jul 31 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. If you’ve ever felt like your head was stuck in a cloud, your thoughts were moving in slow motion, or you walk into a room and forget why you’re there, you’re not alone. Brain fog is real—and it can seriously mess with your productivity, your mood, and even your confidence. Today we’re going to talk about what brain fog actually is, what causes it, as well as peptides and natural strategies you can use to help. Let’s get into it. What is Brain Fog? “Brain fog” isn’t a medical term, but it is a very real experience. It describes a cluster of symptoms—like forgetfulness, poor concentration, mental fatigue, and lack of clarity. Some people say they feel like they’re walking through mud mentally. Others describe it as feeling “off” or like their brain is buffering. Now, this isn’t the same as full-blown cognitive impairment or dementia—it’s more like your brain is just tired or underperforming. Common Causes of Brain Fog So, what’s really behind that cloudy-headed feeling we call brain fog? It turns out, there are several common culprits—and a lot of them have to do with how your body and brain are (or aren’t) being supported. First up, poor sleep. Honestly, this one’s a biggie. Sleep is when your brain takes out the trash—literally clearing out toxins, locking in memories, and resetting for the day ahead. Without enough deep, restful sleep, you’re basically trying to function on a low battery. That grogginess, forgetfulness, or lack of focus? All classic signs your brain didn’t get the cleanup it needed. Then there’s chronic stress. When you’re constantly juggling demands and pressures, your body stays in “fight-or-flight” mode, pumping out cortisol. In the short term, that’s fine. But when cortisol stays high for too long, it can actually shrink the hippocampus—the part of your brain responsible for memory and focus. Not ideal. Inflammation is another sneaky cause. When you're eating a lot of processed foods, sugar, or unhealthy fats—or dealing with gut imbalances—it can spark low-grade inflammation that messes with how your brain cells communicate. That can slow you down mentally, make it harder to focus, and leave you feeling mentally sluggish. Let’s not forget about blood sugar swings. If your day looks like coffee and a muffin, then nothing until a big lunch, then a sugary snack mid-afternoon…your blood sugar is on a rollercoaster. And your brain feels it. That foggy, irritable crash? Yeah, that’s part of the ride. Hormonal changes can also play a big role—especially during menopause, andropause, thyroid imbalances, or even monthly cycle shifts. Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, and thyroid hormones all impact brain chemistry, and when they fluctuate, your concentration, energy, and memory can take a hit. We also have nutrient deficiencies to consider. Your brain needs specific nutrients to thrive—things like B12, magnesium, omega-3s, and vitamin D. If you’re low in any of these (which is more common than you’d think), it can show up as brain fog, low mood, or trouble focusing. And finally, there’s post-viral fatigue. If you’ve had something like COVID or the flu recently, you might notice it takes a while to bounce back mentally. That’s because your immune system may still be in overdrive, and your brain’s trying to recover right along with the rest of you. Oh—and a quick shoutout to medications and alcohol. Some meds (like antihistamines, sleep aids, or anti-anxiety drugs) can definitely slow your thinking. And even moderate alcohol, especially over time, messes with memory and focus—sometimes even the next day. So if your brain’s been feeling a little off lately, it might be worth looking at one—or a few—of these areas to start clearing the fog. Peptides That Help Brain Fog If you’ve been struggling with long-term brain fog, there are a few peptides that might be worth exploring. Semax and Selank —both originally developed in Russia—are known for their brain-boosting benefits. Semax supports memory, focus, and stress resilience, while Selank works more on the anxiety and mood side by targeting the GABA system, without causing drowsiness. Then there’s Dihexa, a powerful nootropic that helps increase BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), which plays a key role in growing and strengthening brain cell connections. Cerebrolysin is another option—it’s a more complex peptide that’s often used in cases of brain injury or cognitive decline, though it can be harder to get. And finally, BPC-157, best known for healing gut and muscle tissue, also has some neuroprotective effects and might support brain health by calming systemic inflammation. ...
    Más Menos
    8 m
  • VIP for Pain
    Jul 24 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today, we’re focusing on an often-overlooked peptide called VIP, short for Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide. The name might sound technical, but this peptide plays some important roles in the body. It helps regulate inflammation, supports nerve function, improves blood flow by relaxing blood vessels, and may even have benefits for things like chronic pain, including back pain. Let’s get into it. What is VIP? We’ve talked about VIP before on a previous podcast, but it’s been awhile and I’d like to start with the basics as a refresher. VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide that acts like a signaling molecule in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Think of it like a chemical messenger that can influence a lot of different body systems. VIP belongs to the glucagon/secretin peptide superfamily, and it’s found throughout the body, including your brain, intestines, lungs, and immune cells. Now, what does VIP actually do? Well it does quite a bit. VIP works by binding to specific receptors on cells—called VPAC1 and VPAC2—which trigger a chain reaction inside the body through something known as the cyclic AMP pathway. Once activated: It relaxes smooth muscles, which helps open up blood vessels (vasodilation) and airways (bronchodilation) It stimulates secretion of water and electrolytes in places like the gut and pancreas—so yes, it helps with digestion too It’s a major immune modulator, calming inflammation by regulating immune cell behavior Neuroprotective role, supporting the survival and adaptability of neurons VIP in Medicine – What’s the Buzz? VIP has been studied in a variety of conditions. Inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s Neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Autoimmune diseases like osteoarthritis Respiratory conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or due to mold toxicity But today, we’re zooming in on something more tangible for a lot of people—back pain. VIP and Back Pain – What Do We Know? Let’s get into the science here. VIP has recently caught attention for its potential role in intervertebral disc degeneration, which is one of the top causes of chronic low back pain. A 2024 study found that VIP receptors were significantly reduced in degenerated human discs—which is kind of a red flag. When VIP was given to mice for four weeks, researchers saw slowed degeneration, better structural proteins like aggrecan, and overall healthier discs on imaging. Promising, right? But here’s the catch—this was a preclinical animal study. We still need human trials to confirm it works outside the lab. VIP and Joint Pain And when it comes to VIP and joint pain, there’s a bit more research on VIP and osteoarthritis, especially when the spine is involved. In OA models, VIP was shown to lower pro-inflammatory cytokines—those molecules that contribute to pain and make joints hurt. But here’s where it gets complicated: some studies report that VIP accumulation in joints might actually worsen pain. So... it’s a bit of a paradox. So what’s the takeaway? VIP can be helpful—but its role in pain management seems to depend on how much, where, and what kind of pain we’re talking about. VIP in Peptide Therapy – Real-World Use? In peptide clinics—especially those using integrative or regenerative medicine approaches—VIP is sometimes part of treatment protocols for nerve-related pain and inflammation. It’s often paired with other peptides like BPC-157 and TB-500. You can find some clinics that list VIP as a go-to for chronic pain, including back pain. But here’s the reality check, clinical data is limited, success is anecdotal, it’s pricey and results can vary from person to person. So while VIP might help reduce inflammation and slow tissue degeneration, it’s not a substitute for tried-and-true pain management peptides like BPC-157. Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Until next time, be well, and as always, have a happy, healthy week.
    Más Menos
    5 m
  • Peptides to Help Heal Eyes
    Jul 17 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today we’re going to talk about how peptides might actually help heal your eyes. If that sounds wild, stick with me. There’s some amazing early research showing how specific peptides may help with things like macular degeneration, diabetic eye disease, corneal wounds, and even age-related vision loss. We’re going to break it all down in plain language, and I’ll also explain how each peptide might actually work inside the eye. Let’s jump in. AXT107 Let’s start with AXT107 — a peptide designed to help stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the back of the eye. These rogue vessels are a major problem in conditions like wet macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. AXT107 is an injection that’s given directly into the eye that targets VEGF and angiopoietin receptors, two major players in abnormal blood vessel growth. In animal studies, it not only stopped new vessels from forming, but also reversed existing damage. Bonus? It forms a little gel-like depot in the eye that slowly releases over time, so it may last longer than current injection-based treatments. BPC-157 If you’ve heard of peptides for gut repair or injury recovery, you’ve probably come across BPC-157. But it’s also being studied for the eye, especially for corneal healing. BPC-157 eye drops seem to speed up corneal epithelial repair — that’s the outer layer of your eye — while reducing inflammation. In rat studies, it helped close up corneal wounds faster, which means it might help with things like dry eye, abrasions, or even post-surgical healing. In fact, while most corneal abrasions fully heal within one to two weeks, BPC-157 can reduce the healing time by several days. Elamipretide (SS31) — The Mitochondria Booster This next peptide is especially intriguing — Elamipretide, also known as SS31. You might remember we’ve mentioned it before for its potential in age-related and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. But now, researchers are also exploring its role in slowing or even reversing age-related vision decline when given as an eye or subcutaneous injection. This peptide goes deep — literally — into the mitochondria of retinal cells, helping them work more efficiently. In aging mice, Elamipretide improved contrast sensitivity and even reversed some vision loss. So it’s not just slowing decline — it may actually restore function. P21 The next peptide is P21. P21 is a neurotrophic peptide, which means it helps keep nerve cells healthy. In the eye, that’s a huge deal for preserving vision. P21 protects photoreceptors and retinal pigment cells, while also calming inflammation when given as a subcutaneous injection. In aging rats with retinal damage, it helped reduce nerve cell death and slowed degeneration. Visoluten Now let’s talk about Visoluten, an oral peptide we’ve discussed before in a previous podcast. As a refresher, it’s important to remember that Visoluten is a bioregulatory peptide that helps support the health of the retina—the part of your eye that converts light into the images you see. It works by supporting the metabolic activity of eye tissues, helping maintain healthy vision and improving the eye’s ability to adapt to stress, aging, or challenging environmental conditions. Think of it like nutritional support for the eye — especially helpful for people dealing with screen fatigue, bright light exposure, or chronic eye stress. This peptide helps support the eye’s natural metabolic activity, which is key to keeping the retina functioning well and protecting it from things like oxidative stress and environmental wear and tear. Think of it as giving your eyes extra support to stay resilient, especially when they're under strain. Visoluten may also enhance blood flow to the eye, making sure the retina gets the oxygen and nutrients it needs to work properly. That’s especially important for people with conditions like age-related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy, where poor circulation and tissue damage are part of the problem. Retinalamin Another oral peptide, Retinalamin, is already being used in some clinical settings — especially in parts of Europe and Asia — for retinal diseases. It helps normalize vascular permeability in the retina and supports repair mechanisms. It’s shown benefits in people with glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, sometimes even improving visual acuity when given intramuscularly or as an injection around the eye. PEDF-Derived Peptides Here’s where things start to feel futuristic — researchers have developed peptides derived from PEDF, or pigment epithelium-derived factor. PEDF is a natural protein found in the eye — ...
    Más Menos
    10 m
  • SLU-PP-332
    Jul 11 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today we’re taking a closer look at SLU-PP-332, a compound that’s gaining attention for its potential role in performance support and metabolic health. If you're interested in burning fat more efficiently, supporting your mitochondria, or taking your workouts to the next level, stick around—this one’s for you. What Is SLU-PP-332? Let’s start with the basics. SLU-PP-332 is not a peptide—it’s a small molecule compound, meaning it’s made from chemical building blocks rather than amino acids like peptides are. However, it's often used alongside peptide therapies because it works through different pathways, making it a great add-on for boosting metabolism, energy, or fat loss. It was developed as a selective agonist for a group of receptors called ERRs, which stands for Estrogen-Related Receptors. But despite the name, these are not the same as classical estrogen receptors. That’s an important distinction—SLU-PP-332 does not interact with estrogen, nor does it influence estrogen levels in the body. Instead, it targets a subset of these receptors known as ERR alpha, beta and gamma. These are known as “orphan nuclear receptors,” meaning they don’t have natural ligands but still play an important role in regulating energy metabolism—especially in tissues rich in mitochondria like skeletal muscle, the heart, and brown fat. Fun fact: SLU-PP-332 actually works the strongest on the ERR-alpha receptor. Scientists use something called an EC₅₀ to figure out how powerful a compound is—that’s just a fancy way of measuring how much you need to get half of its maximum effect. For SLU-PP-332, the EC₅₀ is only 98 nanomolar, which means it takes a super small amount to get the job done. In other words, it’s really effective even at low doses. What Is an ERR Agonist and Why Does It Matter? So what happens when we activate these receptors? As an ERR agonist, SLU-PP-332 helps upregulate pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and thermogenesis—the body's natural process of producing heat and burning calories. Think of it as flipping a metabolic switch that enhances your ability to use fat as fuel, improves endurance, and supports overall mitochondrial health. In other words, SLU-PP-332 has the potential to help you burn more energy, especially during movement, while also improving your metabolic efficiency at rest. Essentially, SLU-PP-332 acts like a workout for your cells—boosting how much fuel your body burns and enhancing energy use, just like physical activity does. How It Feels and Who Might Use It Most people who use SLU-PP-332 describe it as a subtle but noticeable boost in clean energy. It’s not a stimulant like caffeine, but at higher doses, it can cause mild nervous system effects such as jitteriness or restlessness—similar to how you might feel after a strong cup of coffee. Because of this, the best approach is to start low and go slow. Most users begin with an oral dose of 50 to 100 micrograms per day to assess tolerance. Timing matters, too. It’s ideal to take SLU-PP-332 before a fasted cardio session—like a morning walk or workout—because your insulin levels are lower at that time, and that enhances the fat-burning effects. Some people prefer to split their dose, taking half in the morning and the other half in the early afternoon for sustained benefit. And it’s best to cycle it. Use it for two to three weeks, then take a one- to two-week break. This helps avoid receptor desensitization and keeps the compound working effectively over time. Synergy and Stacking Potential One of the exciting things about SLU-PP-332 is how well it stacks with other metabolic enhancers. For example, it may work synergistically with L-carnitine, berberine, and even GLP-1 receptor agonists to enhance fat oxidation and mitochondrial efficiency. That said, you’ll get the best results when using it alongside a whole-foods diet, resistance training, and consistent movement. This is not a quick fix or a substitute for healthy habits—but when added to a solid foundation, it can definitely elevate your performance and results. Safety Considerations and Who Should Avoid It Generally, SLU-PP-332 is well tolerated. However, it’s not suitable for everyone. If you have a history of heart conditions—such as a recent myocardial infarction (heart attack), arrhythmias, or uncontrolled cardiovascular disease—it’s best to avoid this compound unless cleared by a healthcare provider. Some individuals may notice mild estrogen-like effects such as bloating or breast tenderness. This doesn’t mean it raises estrogen levels directly, but sensitive individuals may be more responsive to downstream effects of ...
    Más Menos
    7 m
  • Thymosin Alpha 1, Chronic Fatigue and Lyme Disease
    Jul 3 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today we’re going to talk about thymosin alpa 1, what it is, how it works, and why some doctors are using it to help those with Lyme disease What Is Thymosin Alpha 1? Let’s start with the basics. Now we’ve talked about thymosin alpha 1 before in the context of immune health, but as a quick refresher, Thymosin alpha 1, or Tα1, is a peptide — a small chain of amino acids — that occurs naturally in the body. It was first isolated from the thymus gland, which is an important immune organ responsible for developing and regulating T cells, especially during childhood. T cells are a type of white blood cell that play a central role in the immune system by identifying and destroying infected or abnormal cells and coordinating immune responses. Over time, our thymus shrinks and our immune response tends to slow down — which may partly explain why chronic infections or immune dysregulation become more common with age. Thymosin alpha 1 acts like an immune system coach — it doesn’t directly kill pathogens, but it enhances the immune system’s ability to detect and fight infections. In fact, it’s made a big impact around the world. Since its discovery in the 1970s, it’s been used in over 35 countries to help treat conditions like hepatitis B and C, certain cancers, and even sepsis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers explored its potential to calm immune overreactions and improve patient outcomes. It’s also popular in veterinary medicine for helping dogs with chronic infections. Plus, some doctors are now investigating its role in boosting vaccine effectiveness and supporting people with autoimmune diseases or age-related immune decline — making thymosin alpha 1 a real immune multitasker. Thymosin Alpha 1 and Lyme Disease So why are doctors using thymosin alpha 1 in Lyme disease? Well, for many people, Lyme can become a long, drawn-out illness. And while antibiotics are usually the first-line treatment, some patients don’t recover fully — instead, they develop lingering symptoms like fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, or neurological issues. This condition is known as Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome, or PTLDS — and we’ll dive deeper into that in just a minute. In Lyme patients, Thymosin alpha 1 is being used off-label to: Rebalance the immune system Enhance the activity of T cells and natural killer cells Calm overactive inflammation Reduce the intensity and frequency of flare-ups or immune crashes Doctors report that patients using thymosin alpha 1 often feel more resilient — with improved energy, mental clarity, and fewer immune complications — especially in cases involving co-infections like Babesia, Bartonella, or Epstein-Barr virus. What Is PTLDS? Now let’s dig into what happens after Lyme disease treatment for some patients. Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome, or PTLDS, affects roughly 5 to 20 percent of people who have been treated for Lyme disease. Even after completing a full course of antibiotics, they continue to experience significant symptoms that can last for months — or even years. Some of the most common symptoms of PTLDS include: Chronic fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest Brain fog, poor memory, or difficulty concentrating (sometimes called 'Lyme brain') Joint and muscle pain Sleep disturbances Numbness, tingling, or burning sensations (peripheral neuropathy) Depression, anxiety, or mood swings Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells Dizziness or balance issues And often, fluctuating or cyclical symptoms — where you feel better for a while, then suddenly crash These symptoms can be disabling, and they’re often not reflected in standard lab tests, which can make patients feel dismissed or misdiagnosed. Why Does PTLDS Happen? Researchers are still working to understand why PTLDS happens, but here are some of the leading theories: Immune system dysregulation – The infection may trigger a chronic inflammatory state that lingers long after the bacteria are gone. Persistent infection – Some believe the bacteria can go into a low-metabolic or dormant state, evading antibiotics and reactivating later. Tissue damage – Nerve and joint tissues may have been injured and take a long time to heal. Autoimmune activation – The body may start attacking its own tissues after the infection — similar to what happens in rheumatic fever. Undiagnosed co-infections – Other pathogens like Bartonella or Babesia may still be active and complicate recovery. This is where thymosin alpha 1 may offer a new path — not as a cure, but as a modulator that can help restore immune balance and reduce inflammatory damage. Thymosin Alpha 1 Risk Factors and Who Should Avoid It ...
    Más Menos
    8 m
  • What to Expect on GLP-1 Medications
    Jun 26 2025
    Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today we’re diving into a topic that’s been everywhere lately: GLP-1 medications like semaglutide and tirzepatide for weight loss. You may know them by names like Wegovy, Ozempic, Mounjaro, or Zepbound. I want to give you a clear, realistic picture of what to expect—because while the media loves to highlight the dramatic before-and-after photos, the real journey can be slower and more nuanced for some. So in this episode, we’re going to talk about the truth—what these medications can do, what they can’t, how long things really take, and what you need to know to set yourself up for success. Not hype, not magic promises—just real, honest insight to help you understand the process. Let’s get into it. How GLP-1 & GIP/GLP-1 Agonists Work So first things first—how do these meds work? Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, and tirzepatide is a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Basically, they mimic natural hormones in your body that help regulate blood sugar, slow digestion, and—most importantly for weight loss—reduce appetite and improve satiety. That means you feel fuller faster and stay full longer. You're not obsessing over food like before. And that’s powerful. But—and this is a big one— these peptides don't magically erase years of weight gain overnight. What they do is help make weight loss easier by reducing hunger and supporting your metabolism—but they don't do all the work for you. It’s important to remember they're a powerful tool, not a replacement for your efforts. You're still in control of your choices, habits, and long-term success. Why We Titrate the Dose—and What "Therapeutic Dose" Means Now, let’s talk about dosing. When you start Wegovy, you don’t start at the highest dose. It’s gradually increased over several weeks to give your body time to adjust and to help reduce side effects like nausea or stomach upset. The usual schedule looks like this: You’ll start with 0.25 mg once a week for the first month. Then it increases every four weeks—0.5 mg, then 1 mg, then 1.7 mg. By week 17, most people reach the full dose of 2.4 mg once a week—that’s the dose shown in studies to lead to the most consistent weight loss, with many people losing around 15% of their total body weight over about a year. But here’s the thing—not everyone follows this path exactly, and that’s okay. Some people need to slow down or stay longer at a lower dose if they’re having side effects. Others may need to increase sooner if they’re not seeing appetite changes and are tolerating the medication well. And even though 2.4 mg is considered the “therapeutic dose,” not everyone needs to reach it. Some people feel great and lose weight at a lower dose—and if that’s you, that’s your sweet spot. The real goal is to find the lowest effective dose that controls your hunger, helps you lose weight at a steady pace, and keeps side effects to a minimum. This isn’t a one-size-fits-all journey, and pushing through side effects just to hit the max dose isn’t necessary—or safe. Your best dose is the one your body handles well and helps you make progress. *How Much Weight Can You Expect to Lose—and How Fast? Let’s take a look at the clinical studies. In large trials, people on semaglutide lost about 15% of their total body weight over 68 weeks. For tirzepatide, it was even higher—20% or more in some cases. But here’s the thing—those results happened over a year to a year and a half. Not 6 weeks. Not 3 months. It’s a marathon, not a sprint. Also, most of the weight loss doesn't happen during the titration phase. You may see some weight loss early on, especially if your appetite plummets. But the bulk of the weight loss happens once you reach and maintain your therapeutic dose. Why Everyone’s Journey Looks Different I can’t stress this enough—everybody’s journey is different. Some people feel zero hunger from their very first injection. Others don’t notice a big change until week 10 or 12. Some drop 10 pounds in the first month. Others lose two pounds and feel discouraged. All of those experiences are normal. Your age, hormones, medications, stress levels, sleep, and past diet history? They all play a role. And let’s be real—gaining 20, 50, or 100 pounds didn’t happen in a few weeks, right? It likely took months or even years of lifestyle habits, hormonal shifts, emotional eating, or underlying conditions. So we have to give ourselves that same grace and patience when we’re trying to take the weight off—even with medical support. Navigating Side Effects and Setbacks Let’s talk about the side effects. Nausea, constipation, acid reflux, bloating—yeah, these are pretty common ...
    Más Menos
    11 m