Free Notes: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p3qNz5B-y6HDMyOwV4AFenO2y4-dac2_/view?usp=sharing

In this endocrinology series, we explore Diabetes Insipidus (DI) – its types, causes, diagnosis, and management.

💧 Understand the pathophysiology – central vs nephrogenic DI and the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
🧠 Identify key causes – head trauma, pituitary surgery, genetic mutations, lithium use, and chronic kidney disease.
🚱 Recognize clinical features – polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia, and dehydration.
🧪 Learn diagnostic tests – water deprivation test, serum/urine osmolality, and response to desmopressin.
💉 Review treatment options – desmopressin for central DI and thiazides or NSAIDs for nephrogenic DI.

🎧 A must-listen for medical students, endocrinology trainees, and clinicians refreshing their knowledge of fluid balance disorders.
#DiabetesInsipidus #EndocrinologyPodcast #ADH #Desmopressin #Polyuria #MedicalEducation #FluidBalance #CentralDI #NephrogenicDI #Electrolytes

In this gynaecology series, we cover Contraception: methods, mechanisms, counselling tips, and emergency contraception options.

💊 Explore hormonal contraception – combined pill, progestogen-only pill, patches, injections, and implants.
🌀 Understand long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) – intrauterine devices (IUD & IUS) and implants.
💬 Learn effective counselling strategies – choosing the right method based on medical eligibility, lifestyle, and preferences.
⚠️ Review emergency contraception – levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate (EllaOne), and the copper IUD.
⏱️ Know the time frames – emergency pills vs. copper coil, and key contraindications.
📋 Debunk myths – weight, fertility return, and cancer risks.

🎧 Perfect for medical students, GP trainees, sexual health professionals, and anyone wanting a comprehensive refresher.
#Contraception #EmergencyContraception #FamilyPlanning #SexualHealth #IUD #POP #COCP #Ulipristal #MedicalPodcast #WomensHealth #ReproductiveHealth

In this gynaecology series, we explore Cervical Ectropion (also known as cervical ectopy): causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and management.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – eversion of the endocervical columnar epithelium onto the ectocervix, often hormone-related.
⚠️ Identify common causes – pregnancy, combined oral contraceptive pills, and puberty due to increased estrogen levels.
🩸 Recognize key symptoms – postcoital bleeding, increased vaginal discharge, or asymptomatic findings on cervical screening.
🧪 Learn diagnostic steps – speculum exam, cervical screening (smear test), and colposcopy when indicated.
🧑‍⚕️ Review management options – reassurance, cauterisation (if symptomatic), and when to refer.

🎧 Ideal for medical students, junior doctors, and anyone interested in women’s health and reproductive medicine.
#CervicalEctropion #CervicalHealth #GynaecologyPodcast #PostcoitalBleeding #MedicalEducation #Colposcopy #WomensHealth #ReproductiveMedicine

In this obstetrics and gynaecology series, we break down Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): its pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management, and postpartum considerations.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – insulin resistance driven by placental hormones during pregnancy.
⚠️ Identify risk factors – obesity, previous GDM, family history of type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and advanced maternal age.
🩺 Learn how it’s diagnosed – glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and timing during antenatal care.
🥗 Explore management – dietary and lifestyle changes, glucose monitoring, metformin, and insulin therapy.
🤰 Discuss maternal & fetal complications – macrosomia, pre-eclampsia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, and long-term risks.
👶 Review postpartum follow-up – screening for type 2 diabetes and future pregnancy considerations.

🎧 Perfect for medical students, midwives, junior doctors, and anyone preparing for obstetrics rotations or exams.
#GestationalDiabetes #GDM #PregnancyCare #ObstetricsPodcast #MedicalPodcast #MaternalHealth #OGTT #DiabetesInPregnancy #WomensHealth

In this obstetrics and gynaecology series, we explore Endometrial Cancer: its pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, investigations, and management.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – abnormal proliferation of the endometrial lining, often linked to unopposed estrogen exposure.
⚠️ Identify key risk factors – obesity, PCOS, nulliparity, diabetes, tamoxifen use, and Lynch syndrome.
🩸 Recognize hallmark symptoms – postmenopausal bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding, and pelvic discomfort.
🧪 Explore investigations – transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial biopsy, hysteroscopy, and staging with imaging.
💉 Review treatment options – typically surgery (total hysterectomy), plus radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy depending on stage.
🛡️ Discuss prevention and screening – especially in high-risk patients (e.g., those with Lynch syndrome).

🎧 Ideal for medical students, clinicians, and women’s health advocates seeking a comprehensive overview of endometrial (uterine) cancer.
#EndometrialCancer #UterineCancer #GynaecologyPodcast #PostmenopausalBleeding #WomensHealth #MedicalEducation #LynchSyndrome #CancerAwareness

In this obstetrics and gynaecology series, we explore Cervical Cancer: its pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, investigations, and management.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – progression from HPV infection to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cancer.
🦠 Recognize key risk factors – persistent HPV infection (especially types 16 & 18), early sexual activity, multiple partners, and smoking.
📋 Learn the symptoms – postcoital bleeding, abnormal vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and advanced disease signs.
🧪 Explore investigations – cervical smear (Pap test), HPV testing, colposcopy, and biopsy for diagnosis.
🏥 Review treatment options – depends on stage: includes surgical excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and palliative care.
🛡️ Discuss prevention – HPV vaccination and regular cervical screening programs.

🎧 A must-listen for medical students, healthcare professionals, and anyone wanting to better understand this preventable yet serious disease.
#CervicalCancer #HPV #GynaecologyPodcast #WomensHealth #CancerAwareness #MedicalPodcast #PapSmear #HPVVaccine #ClinicalEducation

In this gynaecology series, we explore Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI): causes, clinical features, investigations, and management.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – early depletion or dysfunction of ovarian follicles before age 40.
⚠️ Explore causes – genetic factors, autoimmune disorders, chemotherapy, radiation, or idiopathic.
📉 Recognize key symptoms – irregular or absent periods, hot flashes, night sweats, infertility, and vaginal dryness.
🧪 Learn about investigations – low estrogen, elevated FSH on two occasions, and ruling out other causes of amenorrhoea.
💊 Review management – hormone replacement therapy (HRT), fertility counseling, bone health support, and psychosocial care.
🧠 Discuss long-term implications – osteoporosis, cardiovascular risks, and emotional wellbeing.

Perfect for medical students, clinicians, and those looking to understand the clinical and emotional aspects of POI. 🎙️
#PrematureOvarianInsufficiency #POI #EarlyMenopause #GynaecologyPodcast #HormoneHealth #WomenHealth #MedicalEducation

In this gynaecology series, we explore Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): its pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management.

🧬 Understand the pathophysiology – hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, and excess androgens driving the features of PCOS.
🔍 Learn the diagnostic criteria – using the Rotterdam criteria: oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound.
💡 Recognize key symptoms – irregular periods, hirsutism, acne, weight gain, and infertility.
🩺 Explore investigation tools – hormone panels, pelvic ultrasound, and ruling out other causes.
💊 Review management strategies – lifestyle modification, metformin, COCP, and fertility support when needed.
⚠️ Discuss associated risks – type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial hyperplasia.

Perfect for medical students, healthcare professionals, and anyone seeking to understand PCOS from a clinical perspective. 🎧
#PCOS #PolycysticOvarySyndrome #Gynaecology #WomenHealth #Hirsutism #MenstrualIrregularities #MedicalPodcast #ClinicalLearning