What should tech startups know before expanding beyond their home market?

In this episode of Startup Founders and Backers, we explore that very question with Dr. Shan Nair, president of Nucleus and a pioneer in international expansion services. With a background that began in nuclear physics at Oxford and led to advising globally recognized names like Tesla and FaceTime, Shan brings a rare blend of analytical precision and hands-on business experience to cross-border growth.

Our conversation covers the full spectrum of what startups must consider when scaling internationally. Shan outlines the most common expansion scenarios, including companies hiring their first overseas employee or those already present in multiple countries struggling to manage operations effectively. He explains how Nucleus provides a single point of contact across legal, financial, and compliance services, helping avoid the confusion and risk of using separate vendors in different regions.

We also examine how legal requirements and regulatory expectations differ across regions. Shan shares specific insights into employment law exposure in Europe and Latin America, the changing rulebooks in Asia-Pacific, and the intricate compliance landscape in India. He underscores the importance of working with finance leaders who understand international complexity and why a realistic budget is just as important as the product itself.

Looking toward the near future, Shan offers his thoughts on the role that technologies such as cryptocurrencies and modular nuclear energy might play in reshaping international operations. He also reflects on how protectionist policies may influence where companies manufacture and how they hire.

Whether preparing for your first overseas hire or rethinking your entire expansion strategy, this episode offers clear, experience-backed insights for founders who want to make smarter decisions when taking their startup global.

What would you consider the biggest challenge in going international? Let us know, we'd love to hear your perspective.