In this episode of the Oxford Policy Pod, MPP students Diego Peñaranda and Iván Lozano speak with Professor César Hidalgo, a physicist, complexity scientist, and one of the leading thinkers on knowledge and development.

Professor Hidalgo is a tenured professor at the Toulouse School of Economics and leads the Center for Collective Learning. He is widely recognized for co-developing the Economic Complexity Index and for his research on how knowledge shapes growth.

The conversation explores his intellectual journey from physics to economics, and his central idea that development depends on expanding what societies know how to do. Drawing on his latest book, The Infinite Alphabet, Hidalgo explains how knowledge grows, spreads, and is sometimes lost, and what this means for public policy.

The episode also discusses how countries can build capabilities, the role of talent and networks, and the potential impact of artificial intelligence on knowledge and decision-making.

🎙️ How to Finance Development and Reconstruction in Times of Crisis?

In this new episode of the Oxford Policy Pod, MPP students Marc Naro and Cristian Iftodii sat down with Odile Renaud-Basso at the EBRD headquarters. As the first woman to lead the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and a central figure in Europe’s economic response to the war in Ukraine, she brings a unique perspective at the intersection of finance, geopolitics, and reconstruction.

In this episode, we explore the EBRD’s role in supporting Ukraine during wartime and preparing for long-term reconstruction, the Bank’s expansion into new regions, and how development finance adapts in times of crisis. We also discuss her vision for the EBRD’s future.

A candid conversation on what it means to lead a multilateral bank in a world shaped by conflict and economic uncertainty. Many thanks to the EBRD team for hosting us.

🎧 The episode is out now on YouTube and all major platforms!

In this episode of the Oxford Policy Pod, students Marc Naro and Cristian Iftodii sit down with Paul Collier — one of the world's most influential development economists. The conversation traces his journey from studying the poorest countries on earth to asking why communities in wealthy nations are falling behind, and what policymakers can do about it.

Paul Collier is Professor of Economics and Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford, and co-director of the International Growth Centre. He previously served as Director of the Development Research Group at the World Bank, and is the author of several landmark books including The Bottom Billion, Exodus, and most recently Left Behind, which won a 2025 Axiom Business Book Award.