Episodios

  • John 7:32-52
    Feb 1 2022
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 7:37-39 37 On the last day of the feast, the great day, Jesus stood up and cried out, “If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. 38 Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, ‘Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.’ ” 39 Now this he said about the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were to receive, for as yet the Spirit had not been given, because Jesus was not yet glorified.   COMMENTARY The events in chapter 7 happened during one of Israel's major festivals, the Feast of Booths. Just like our holidays today, each of the Jewish festivals had associations rooted in history and tradition that were attached to the celebration. One of the major associations of this festival was water. This was in part because the feast celebrated God's leading of the Israelites through the wilderness wandering, in which He provided water. The feast also came at the start of Israel's rainy season when the Israelites prayed to God for rains to water the next season's crops. This association provided the backdrop for Jesus' words in verses 37 and 38:   "On the last day of the feast, the great day, Jesus stood up and cried out, 'If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, ‘Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.'"   Jesus used the theological premise of the Feast of Booths to point his hearers to himself as the One whom Yahweh had sent to usher in true and final deliverance. The feast celebrated how God had demonstrated that He alone is God, and how God would fulfill His promise to care for His people by providing water for them in the wilderness. This demonstration of Yahweh's power and faithfulness in the past served as the basis for their prayer for rain in the coming months. When Jesus stands and beckons anyone who thirsts to come to him and drink, he proclaims the theological principle behind the feast: Life is found in Yahweh. Jesus, however, points to himself as the source of living water. All of his hearers could draw the same unmistakable conclusion, namely, that Jesus claims to be equal with God. John provides additional commentary about Jesus' words in verse 39. He informs us that Jesus was not only speaking of himself as the source of living water, making himself one with Yahweh, he was also speaking of the coming of the Spirit. The Spirit is the living water Jesus says those who believe in him will have flowing out of them. Many commentators on John's gospel rightly point out that John emphasizes Jesus' divinity more than the other gospel accounts. Many fail, however, to recognize that John also emphasizes the close connection between Jesus and the Spirit. For John, the primary consequence and authentication of the deliverance Jesus accomplishes is the coming and indwelling of the Holy Spirit in everyone who believes in him.   QUESTIONS 1. Jesus' call in verses 37 and 38 are intelligible and powerful to anyone who reads them. How does the background of the Feast of Booths add additional meaning?   2. What is the difference between "whoever believes in me will drink living water," and what Jesus actually says in verse 38, that "whoever believes in me . . . out of his heart will flow rivers of living water?"   3. Based on verse 39, how is the work of the Spirit related to the work of Christ?   4. Based on verses 38 and 39, what role does the Spirit play in the life of a follower of Jesus? How would you describe this in your own words and experience?
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    18 m
  • John 7:1-31
    Jan 25 2022
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 7:14-24 14 About the middle of the feast Jesus went up into the temple and began teaching. 15 The Jews therefore marveled, saying, “How is it that this man has learning, when he has never studied?” 16 So Jesus answered them, “My teaching is not mine, but his who sent me. 17 If anyone’s will is to do God’s will, he will know whether the teaching is from God or whether I am speaking on my own authority. 18 The one who speaks on his own authority seeks his own glory; but the one who seeks the glory of him who sent him is true, and in him there is no falsehood. 19 Has not Moses given you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law. Why do you seek to kill me?” 20 The crowd answered, “You have a demon! Who is seeking to kill you?” 21 Jesus answered them, “I did one work, and you all marvel at it. 22 Moses gave you circumcision (not that it is from Moses, but from the fathers), and you circumcise a man on the Sabbath. 23 If on the Sabbath a man receives circumcision, so that the law of Moses may not be broken, are you angry with me because on the Sabbath I made a man’s whole body well? 24 Do not judge by appearances, but judge with right judgment.”   COMMENTARY Jesus goes up to the temple during one of the major festivals in the Jewish calendar, the Feast of Booths. This feast celebrates God's leading and provision during the Israelites' time of wandering in the wilderness. It also occurrs at the conclusion of the fall harvest, celebrating God's provision of rain for the crops. A critical theological message underlies the joy of this festival: The Israelites must trust in Yahweh as the God who always cares for them. This might sound easy, but the Israelites are often quick to doubt God in the wilderness and frequently find their faith tested whenever they face questions of material provision, just as we are also tested today. When Jesus goes to the temple to preach openly about who He is and why He has come, he returns to the way the people responded when he healed the man by the pool. Although the feeding of the crowd and the ensuing rejection of Jesus by many of those who followed him serves as a kind of interlude, Jesus returns to the people's response to his miracle of healing because he again stands at the temple where the preceding discussion took place. Recall that Jesus used the healing of the man to point the Jews to the fact that He was one with Yahweh and was been sent by Him to deliver His people. This was the rationale behind His response to their complaint that he had healed a man on the Sabbath and told the man to pick up his mat and walk. Yet, just Yahweh had been at work from the very beginning without rest, so too, Jesus said, was he. In this speech at the temple, during the Feast of Booths, Jesus returns to this miracle and its purpose in order to call his hearers to put their faith in Him, the one sent from Yahweh to save them. As with preceding dialogues concerning his deity, this speech provokes a division between those present. Some want to arrest him while many others believe.   QUESTIONS 1. What was different about the way Jesus went to the festival compared to the way his brothers thought he should go to the festival?   2. Jesus exposes the sin of those who oppose him by asking why they seek to kill him (7:19). He shows their desire is antithetical to the law, which they claim has made them angry at Jesus for breaking. Jesus' critique can rebuke us as well. How do we either commit, or passively observe, acts that are wicked and wrong, all while justifying our action/inaction with religious rationales?   3. When Jesus heals the man by the pool, he fulfills a higher principle found within the Law of Moses than Sabbath observance. The command in Leviticus 19:18, "you shall love your neighbor as yourself," is a summary of all the Mosaic law regarding other people. In healing the man, then, Jesus fulfills the Mosaic law's chief aim, love for others rooted in love for God. What does Jesus' rationale reveal about those who are angry at him for healing the man on the Sabbath?
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    20 m
  • John 6:60-71
    Jan 18 2022
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 6:60-71 60 When many of his disciples heard it, they said, “This is a hard saying; who can listen to it?” 61 But Jesus, knowing in himself that his disciples were grumbling about this, said to them, “Do you take offense at this? 62 Then what if you were to see the Son of Man ascending to where he was before? 63 It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh is no help at all. The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and life. 64 But there are some of you who do not believe.” (For Jesus knew from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.) 65 And he said, “This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.” 66 After this many of his disciples turned back and no longer walked with him. 67 So Jesus said to the twelve, “Do you want to go away as well?” 68 Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life, 69 and we have believed, and have come to know, that you are the Holy One of God.” 70 Jesus answered them, “Did I not choose you, the twelve? And yet one of you is a devil.” 71 He spoke of Judas the son of Simon Iscariot, for he, one of the twelve, was going to betray him.   COMMENTARY As mentioned previously, Exodus 16 forms striking parallels with the events that unfold in this chapter. There are two primary themes revealed through this parallelism. One theme concerns the identity of Jesus as one with Yahweh, the one who gives life to those who follow Him. We can call this the theme of God's self-revelation. In both Exodus 16 and John 6, the miracles involving food are intended to reveal and confirm to the people the identity of God. The second theme concerns the grumbling of the people toward God, which is recorded in both Exodus 16 and in John's gospel. We can call this the theme of unbelief. In Exodus 16, the grumbling of the people prompts God to provide the quail and the manna. For this reason, He makes it clear that this provision is also a test.   "Then the Lord said to Moses, 'Behold, I am about to rain bread from heaven for you, and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in my law or not'," (Exodus 16:4).   John 6 says that people grumbled at Jesus' words three times (verses 41, 43, and 61). Many of the disciples walk away as a result (verse 61). The parallelism is unmistakable. Just as many who were delivered from slavery in Egypt by Yahweh have hard hearts that never love Him or believe in Him, and so they are cast out, many who come to Jesus do, in fact, turn away. In both cases, hearts that grumble when God doesn't give them what they want reveals people's unbelief in Yahweh. By the end of John 6, we see that the feeding of the crowd, though an act of grace, serves as a test. Will the people trust in Jesus as their Savior, through whom they receive eternal life? In the end, the test causes many of his disciples to turn back. Jesus' opening words in Capernaum to the crowd reveal his intention. When the people greet him, Jesus immediately questions their motive for seeking him. Jesus intends the sign, pointing to his divine identity, to both test and expose the quality of faith among those who follow Him. Peter's confession in verse 68 models the confession of one who has been tested by Yahweh and demonstrated that their hope is truly in Him and Him alone.   QUESTIONS 1. What do you make of the fact that there were disciples who did not believe in Jesus, and that Jesus knew who they were (verse 64)?    2. According to verse 65, what causes one to believe in Jesus? How can we use this verse to explain the unbelief of some disciples?   3. In light of the testing the disciples face, what makes Peter's words in verse 68 significant?
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    17 m
  • John 6:1-59
    Jan 11 2022
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 6:22-40 22 On the next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the sea saw that there had been only one boat there, and that Jesus had not entered the boat with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone. 23 Other boats from Tiberias came near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks. 24 So when the crowd saw that Jesus was not there, nor his disciples, they themselves got into the boats and went to Capernaum, seeking Jesus. 25 When they found him on the other side of the sea, they said to him, “Rabbi, when did you come here?” 26 Jesus answered them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you are seeking me, not because you saw signs, but because you ate your fill of the loaves. 27 Do not work for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.” 28 Then they said to him, “What must we do, to be doing the works of God?” 29 Jesus answered them, “This is the work of God, that you believe in him whom he has sent.” 30 So they said to him, “Then what sign do you do, that we may see and believe you? What work do you perform? 31 Our fathers ate the manna in the wilderness; as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’ ” 32 Jesus then said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. 33 For the bread of God is he who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” 34 They said to him, “Sir, give us this bread always.” 35 Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; whoever comes to me shall not hunger, and whoever believes in me shall never thirst. 36 But I said to you that you have seen me and yet do not believe. 37 All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out. 38 For I have come down from heaven, not to do my own will but the will of him who sent me. 39 And this is the will of him who sent me, that I should lose nothing of all that he has given me, but raise it up on the last day. 40 For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him should have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.”   COMMENTARY The first eleven chapters of John's gospel have one basic theme: Jesus is one with Yahweh and sent by Him to deliver God's people from their slavery to sin and death. For this reason there are many parallels between John's gospel account and the book of Exodus, the foundational story of salvation for the Jews. For John, the way in which Jesus performs similar miracles and deeds as Yahweh in the exodus serves as a powerful and persuasive argument that Jesus is indeed from Yahweh and one with Him. Jesus has come to fulfill Yahweh's promise of true and eternal salvation. In John chapter 6, the events recorded in Exodus 16 come into direct focus. After God delivers the Israelites from Pharaoh and his army through the crossing of the sea, the Israelites begin to grumble about their hunger. God hears their grumbling and sends them quail by night, and a fine, flake-like substance in the morning, which He commands them to gather and eat. God Himself describes the purpose of His miraculous provision in Exodus 16:11-12:   "And the LORD said to Moses, 'I have heard the grumbling of the people of Israel. Say to them, "At twilight you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. Then you shall know that I am the LORD your God."'"   Whenever the English Bible uses "the LORD" in capitals, the name translates "Yahweh" in the original Hebrew. Thus, Yahweh Himself says that His miraculous provision should make the Israelites know who delivers them, and enable them to respond in trust and obedience. Moses also tells the people that they see the glory of Yahweh as they witness this miracle. When the crowd finds Jesus in Capernaum, he takes the conversation in the same direction God does in Exodus 16. Jesus multiplies the bread and fish so they know that He is Yahweh, the giver of life to those who trust in Him. Jesus also makes clear that there is a difference. The difference is that the sign in the wilderness points to the future fulfillment of a promise, that Yahweh will give eternal life to His people. Jesus tells his hearers that He has come to fulfill this promise. He is the true bread of life sent from heaven.   QUESTIONS 1. John connects the miracle of Jesus feeding the crowd to Exodus 16 in an unmistakable way. Compare Exodus 16 and John 6. What similarities can you find?   2. How does the background of Exodus 16 help us understand Jesus' words in John 6:26-59, to those who sought him in Capernaum?   3. In your own words, what difference does receiving Jesus as the bread of life make in comparison to those who ate manna in the wilderness...
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    21 m
  • John 5:18-47
    Jan 4 2022
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 5:21-29 21 For as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whom he will. 22 For the Father judges no one, but has given all judgment to the Son, 23 that all may honor the Son, just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him. 24 Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life. 25 “Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 26 For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself. 27 And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man. 28 Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice 29 and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.   COMMENTARY When the Jews complain about Jesus healing on the Sabbath, Jesus says He is God, and just as God has worked ceaselessly from the beginning, so has he. Jesus extends his unity with Yahweh in verses 19-47. Not only does he share in the Father's ceaseless work for the benefit of the whole world and all people, and God's chosen people in particular, Jesus shares in all the other critical elements of divine status and work; Jesus connects himself with the work and attributes of God, which the Jews readily acknowledge as belonging to God alone. These are what make Yahweh, Yahweh, the one and only true God. The Son shares completely in what the Father is doing (5:19)The Son has full access to the divine mind and will (5:20)The Son has authority just like the Father to grant resurrection unto life (5:21-22)The Son will be honored just as the Father is honored (5:23) Here we mustn't mistake Jesus as saying that the Father is Yahweh and he is only now equal to Yahweh. As John writes in the first verse of his gospel, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God," This means Jesus is not another god, but one Person within the divine Being, who reveals His name to the Israelites in the exodus as "Yahweh." John 5 shows that everything the Jews hold to be true about Yahweh is equally and fully true of Jesus. Jesus' words in John 5 focus particularly on the future day of resurrection and judgment. Many Jews believe there will be a day when God raises His people from the dead and beckons them into a new paradise for all eternity. This day will also be a day of judgment, over which God presides and judges all who have lived in opposition to Him. Jesus declares that the Father entrusts this authority and role to Him. His voice will raise the dead. His voice will pass judgment. And his voice will beckon His people unto eternal life.  Jesus closes by pronouncing judgment on those who oppose him. Since He fully shares in the divine identity and work, those who oppose Him do so because they do not know Yahweh.   QUESTIONS 1. Jesus says on several occasions (and in verse 24) that those who believe in him will receive eternal life. What event do verses 25-29 describe that relates to this declaration? Why should this matter to us?   2. According to verse 29, who will be raised from the dead and what will happen to them afterward?    3. On what does Jesus rely in verses 30-47 to verify his testimony that He is who He says He is?   4. What is the significance of Jesus' statement, "Moses wrote of me," in verses 46 and 47?
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    19 m
  • John 5:1-17
    Dec 28 2021
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 5:1-17 1 After this there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. 2 Now there is in Jerusalem by the Sheep Gate a pool, in Aramaic called Bethesda, which has five roofed colonnades. 3 In these lay a multitude of invalids—blind, lame, and paralyzed. 5 One man was there who had been an invalid for thirty-eight years. 6 When Jesus saw him lying there and knew that he had already been there a long time, he said to him, “Do you want to be healed?” 7 The sick man answered him, “Sir, I have no one to put me into the pool when the water is stirred up, and while I am going another steps down before me.” 8 Jesus said to him, “Get up, take up your bed, and walk.” 9 And at once the man was healed, and he took up his bed and walked. Now that day was the Sabbath. 10 So the Jews said to the man who had been healed, “It is the Sabbath, and it is not lawful for you to take up your bed.” 11 But he answered them, “The man who healed me, that man said to me, ‘Take up your bed, and walk.’ ” 12 They asked him, “Who is the man who said to you, ‘Take up your bed and walk’?” 13 Now the man who had been healed did not know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, as there was a crowd in the place. 14 Afterward Jesus found him in the temple and said to him, “See, you are well! Sin no more, that nothing worse may happen to you.” 15 The man went away and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had healed him. 16 And this was why the Jews were persecuting Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath. 17 But Jesus answered them, “My Father is working until now, and I am working.”   COMMENTARY Just like all of the things we do to worship God in our culture, the Jews in Jesus' day attempted to honor God with a system of rules about what one was and was not supposed to do on the Sabbath.  One of the things one was not suppose to do on the Sabbath was to carry a mat. Again, the goal was to honor the fourth commandment: "Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates," (Exodus 20:8-9). The issue Jesus exposes in this passage is not resting on the Sabbath. Jesus exposes the fact that in their zeal to honor God by keeping the Sabbath, they fail to see that God Himself stands right in front of them. When Jesus says, in verse 17, "My Father is working until now, and I am working," He bases His authority to heal on the Sabbath in the fact that God Himself never ceases to work. The Jews readily acknowledge God has been at work since the beginning, sustaining the universe, bringing about redemption for His people, answering their prayers, ordaining and executing human history, and so forth. One can imagine a scenario in which a man rejoices for a healing granted in answer to the prayer that he prays on the Sabbath. This shows that the command to rest on the Sabbath is intended to lead us to trust in the One who works on our behalf all the time. God's people can rest because they believe God is at work all the time to fulfill His promises to them. Jesus says in effect, "You should recognize that the healing which I have just done is from God, for only God could do this. Thus, you yourselves should recognize through this that I am God, and this should lead you to celebrate this man's healing and praise the One who healed him." The miraculous sign thus points people to the truth that Jesus is Yahweh who has come to deliver His people.   QUESTIONS 1. Water is rich with meaning in John's gospel: A person must be born of water and the Spirit to enter the Kingdom of God, and Jesus turns water into wine. What should we learn from the invalid man sitting by a pool of water, whom Jesus heals instantly?    2. What does Jesus mean when he responds to the Jews in verse 17?    3. Theologian Herman Ridderbos interprets Jesus words in John 5:14 in the following manner:  "The 'worse thing' that would then befall [the invalid Jesus healed] would be not just a worse illness or accident but nothing less than the judgment of God," (Ridderbos, The Gospel of John: A Theological Commentary). In light of this insight, how do you understand Jesus' warning to the man?
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    17 m
  • John 4:1-54
    Dec 21 2021
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 4:1-30 Now when Jesus learned that the Pharisees had heard that Jesus was making and baptizing more disciples than John 2(although Jesus himself did not baptize, but only his disciples), 3 he left Judea and departed again for Galilee. 4 And he had to pass through Samaria. 5 So he came to a town of Samaria called Sychar, near the field that Jacob had given to his son Joseph. 6 Jacob’s well was there; so Jesus, wearied as he was from his journey, was sitting beside the well. It was about the sixth hour. 7 A woman from Samaria came to draw water. Jesus said to her, “Give me a drink.” 8 (For his disciples had gone away into the city to buy food.) 9 The Samaritan woman said to him, “How is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a woman of Samaria?” (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.) 10 Jesus answered her, “If you knew the gift of God, and who it is that is saying to you, ‘Give me a drink,’ you would have asked him, and he would have given you living water.” 11 The woman said to him, “Sir, you have nothing to draw water with, and the well is deep. Where do you get that living water? 12 Are you greater than our father Jacob? He gave us the well and drank from it himself, as did his sons and his livestock.” 13 Jesus said to her, “Everyone who drinks of this water will be thirsty again, 14 but whoever drinks of the water that I will give him will never be thirsty again. The water that I will give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.” 15 The woman said to him, “Sir, give me this water, so that I will not be thirsty or have to come here to draw water.” 16 Jesus said to her, “Go, call your husband, and come here.” 17 The woman answered him, “I have no husband.” Jesus said to her, “You are right in saying, ‘I have no husband’; 18 for you have had five husbands, and the one you now have is not your husband. What you have said is true.” 19 The woman said to him, “Sir, I perceive that you are a prophet. 20 Our fathers worshiped on this mountain, but you say that in Jerusalem is the place where people ought to worship.” 21 Jesus said to her, “Woman, believe me, the hour is coming when neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you worship the Father. 22 You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews. 23 But the hour is coming, and is now here, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father is seeking such people to worship him. 24 God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.” 25 The woman said to him, “I know that Messiah is coming (he who is called Christ). When he comes, he will tell us all things.” 26 Jesus said to her, “I who speak to you am he.” 27 Just then his disciples came back. They marveled that he was talking with a woman, but no one said, “What do you seek?” or, “Why are you talking with her?” 28 So the woman left her water jar and went away into town and said to the people, 29 “Come, see a man who told me all that I ever did. Can this be the Christ?” 30 They went out of the town and were coming to him.   COMMENTARY The conversation between Jesus and the Samaritan woman is one of the present author's most beloved stories in all the gospels. It highlights the contrast between God's ways and our own, between God's work and our work. Jesus waits alone at the well while his disciples go into town. There at the well he meets a woman who comes to get water. The unspoken dynamics of this scene are explosive in their original setting. As verse 8 says, the Jews "had no dealings with Samaritans." Additionally, as verse 27 makes clear, men do not ordinarily engage in direct conversation with women, especially in one-on-one settings. For her part, the woman comes to the well as an ostracized pariah. She defies typical behavior by fetching water alone in the heat of the day. We may infer, then, that the woman deliberately seeks to avoid others. All of these dynamics highlight the nature of Jesus. It is no accident that he is at the well when she comes. As others have said, this is a truly divine appointment! When Jesus talks with her, he does so with intention. He is like an arctic fox digging for a mouse under thick layers of snow. His goal is to instill faith in her that has himself as its object. When at the end of their conversation the woman says, "I know that Messiah is coming (he who is called Christ). When he comes, he will tell us all things," Jesus has her right where he wants her. He tells her, "I who speak to you am he.” The analogy of living water gives way to this forthright declaration. The woman startles her neighbors in declaring candidly, "He told me all that I ever did.” How many of us boast that another has learned all of our dirty secrets? This woman exemplifies what Jesus says in ...
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    19 m
  • John 3:22-36
    Dec 14 2021
    HIGHLIGHTED PASSAGE John 3:22-36 22 After this Jesus and his disciples went into the Judean countryside, and he remained there with them and was baptizing. 23 John also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because water was plentiful there, and people were coming and being baptized 24 (for John had not yet been put in prison). 25 Now a discussion arose between some of John’s disciples and a Jew over purification. 26 And they came to John and said to him, “Rabbi, he who was with you across the Jordan, to whom you bore witness—look, he is baptizing, and all are going to him.” 27 John answered, “A person cannot receive even one thing unless it is given him from heaven. 28 You yourselves bear me witness, that I said, ‘I am not the Christ, but I have been sent before him.’ 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly at the bridegroom’s voice. Therefore this joy of mine is now complete. 30 He must increase, but I must decrease.” 31 He who comes from above is above all. He who is of the earth belongs to the earth and speaks in an earthly way. He who comes from heaven is above all. 32 He bears witness to what he has seen and heard, yet no one receives his testimony. 33 Whoever receives his testimony sets his seal to this, that God is true. 34 For he whom God has sent utters the words of God, for he gives the Spirit without measure. 35 The Father loves the Son and has given all things into his hand. 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.   COMMENTARY John the Baptist comes back into the picture via an exchange with his own disciples over Jesus' increasing popularity at John's expense. Before Jesus began his public ministry, John the Baptist had a thriving movement with many Jews coming to him to be baptized. Once Jesus began preaching and ministering, John the Baptist's ministry began declining. His disciples became understandably frustrated by this, yet John corrected them by declaring Jesus superior to himself because Jesus was from above.  In describing the nature of his relationship to Jesus, John the Baptist uses a powerful analogy that ties back to Jesus' first sign at the wedding in Cana, which we read about in chapter 2. John says:  "I am not the Christ, but I have been sent before him. The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly at the bridegroom’s voice. Therefore this joy of mine is now complete. He must increase, but I must decrease," (John 3:28-30).  When John says that the one who has the bride is the bridegroom, he tells his disciples that the relationship between Jesus and God's people is like a marriage. Jesus is the groom and those who believe in Him corporately serve as His bride. There is no way John could express the exceeding closeness and unity that Jesus has come to bring for those who believe in Him any more keenly than what is communicated through this analogy. Between a bride and groom there is no division; only love, joy, and intimacy.  He makes the point clearly at the end of this dialogue when he says:  "The Father loves the Son and has given all things into his hand. Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him." (John 3:35-36).  Thus, the focus of the faith of God's people ought now to be Jesus. Belief in Yahweh, the fundamental foundation of saving faith for God's people, is now synonymous with belief in Jesus. This is not to say that Jesus is the expression of all that God is, but rather than in the economy of salvation, Jesus is the one who has made God known to us most fully, and the one who has secured our salvation. Thus, faith in Jesus is correlative to faith in Yahweh.   QUESTIONS 1. In verses 25-30, how does John the Baptist's response to Jesus' growing ministry differ from the way many people might respond to a similar situation?   2. Who are the bride and the bridegroom in verse 29? What are your personal reflections on this?   3. What does it mean in verse 36 that "the wrath of God remains" on the one who does not obey the Son?    4. Try to memorize John 3:36.
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