The new rules of building with AI ⚒️ | Josh Payne

📺 Watch now on Substack or YouTube | 🎧 Listen on Spotify or Apple Podcasts— Millennial Masters is sponsored by Jolt ⚡️ Reliable hosting for modern buildersThis week’s Millennial Master is Josh Payne, founder and CEO of Coframe.Josh didn’t follow the safe path. He never even took a full-time job. He went straight from Stanford into building things, and somehow turned a pandemic project into a telemedicine company that Tata Group later acquired. Then he co-founded Autograph and helped turn the NFT craze it into a unicorn with some of the biggest investors in the world behind it.But the most interesting thing about Josh isn’t the headlines. It’s the way he works. He builds like someone who can’t look away from the hard problems. He created GPT-Migrate, the first major autonomous AI agent for code transformation, and he’s now running Coframe, one of the strongest AI optimisation engines on the market. Their work has driven millions in extra revenue for brands like OpenAI and The Economist.🔗 Find Josh on LinkedIn, Instagram, and XTakeaways from Josh’s episode1️⃣ AI is moving fast, but not as fast as people thinkJosh expected fully autonomous agents by now. The reality is different. Models still drift, lose context and need guardrails. Progress is wild, but it isn’t magic. Founders who understand the limits build smarter.2️⃣ Human plus AI still winsJosh has tested every LLM model under the sun. The pattern is clear: The strongest results come from pairing humans with AI rather than letting the model run unchecked. If you want reliability and quality, you need a human in the loop.3️⃣ Momentum matters more than model choiceCoFrame didn’t start as a grand thesis. Josh shipped small experiments, watched what users did and let results pull him forward. Everyone obsesses over the perfect model. Josh obsesses over the next 48 hours.4️⃣ Focus is a strategic advantage in the AI eraJosh builds deep instead of wide. No chasing shiny features, no running after the latest hype cycle. The teams that stay locked on a single customer outcome are the ones who survive the next model release.5️⃣ Good AI companies bake improvement into the productCoframe works because the system keeps learning across every interaction. Not in a sci-fi way, but in a measurable, statistical way. The businesses that win with AI won’t bolt it on. They’ll make self-improvement the core engine.Subscribe for more founder stories on mindset, momentum and modern AI ⚙️In this episode we cover:00:00 Introduction to Josh Payne02:35 Skipping the safe 9–5 path04:23 From jazz gigs to building products07:01 AxisBell: launching a COVID telemedicine startup09:45 How one client became a buyer (Tata Group story)12:50 What selling your first startup actually feels like14:48 Autograph, NFTs and the celebrity-backed rocket ship20:06 What LA taught Josh that Silicon Valley couldn’t23:23 NFT hangover: bubbles, greed and timing your exit27:16 GPT-Migrate and the spark that became Coframe31:33 Coframe’s model: real AI value vs AI theatre34:46 Why human + AI beats AI alone (for now)38:31 AI’s limits today and near-term risks42:21 Alignment, jailbreaks and who really controls AGI45:53 Which models Josh trusts and why49:50 The thread connecting healthtech, NFTs and AI52:42 Sleeping in his car, grit and what sacrifice means56:22 Hiring people who run as hard as you58:51 Why Coframe is in-person and how Josh is changing as a CEO1:00:26 What Josh would teach his younger founder self1:01:19 Life, startups and the bicycle race analogy1:02:42 Trade-offs, money and staying aligned with your purpose1:05:46 Cold swims, float tanks, fasting and staying sharpPass this on to the smartest builder you know 🔁Don’t miss these AI insiders episodes: Get full access to Millennial Masters at millennialmasters.net/subscribe