The Sand Creek Betrayal: America's Darkest Hour on the Frontier

Send us a text

November 29, 1864 dawned cold on the Colorado plains as Cheyenne and Arapaho families slept peacefully under an American flag—a gift promising protection. By nightfall, over 200 Native Americans lay dead in what would become one of the most shameful episodes in American history.

The Sand Creek Massacre didn't happen in isolation. It grew from a toxic brew of broken treaties, gold rush fever, and political ambition. Once respected Cheyenne and Arapaho territories, recognized in the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie, were systematically stripped away as miners and settlers poured into Colorado. When tribes resisted this invasion, territorial officials seized their opportunity. Governor John Evans issued proclamations essentially authorizing the killing of any Native Americans, while Colonel John Chivington—a Methodist minister with political aspirations—assembled a regiment specifically to confront the "Indian problem."

What makes this story particularly heartbreaking is that Chief Black Kettle and other peace-seeking leaders had been actively working with authorities, believing they were under military protection at Sand Creek. Instead, Chivington's troops unleashed unspeakable violence: women and children shot as they fled, bodies mutilated, scalps and body parts taken as souvenirs to be displayed in Denver theaters. As one witness testified: "It was hard to see little children on their knees have their brains beat out by men professing to be civilized."

Though three federal investigations condemned the massacre in the strongest terms, justice remained elusive. Chivington escaped punishment by resigning his commission, while brave whistleblowers like Captain Silas Soule paid with their lives for speaking truth. The massacre transformed the American frontier, shattering trust between Native peoples and the government and igniting decades of intensified conflict across the plains.

By exploring this difficult history, we confront uncomfortable truths about our nation's past and the human capacity for both cruelty and courage. Join us for Dr. Jeff Broom's upcoming presentation at the Dodge City Library on October 4th, where he'll examine the complex narratives surrounding this pivotal event through rigorous historical research and primary sources.

Support the show

If you'd like to buy one or more of our fully illustrated dime novel publications, you can click the link I've included.