The Field Guides

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  • Nature nerds rejoice! The Field Guides is a monthly podcast that will bring you out on the trail, focusing on the science of our North American wildlife.
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Ciencia Historia Natural Naturaleza y Ecología
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Episodios
  • Ep. 72 - Grass Carp: A Reel Problem

    Ep. 72 - Grass Carp: A Reel Problem
    Apr 1 2025

    In this episode, Steve leads a discussion on the invasive Grass Carp. The guys go over the evolutionary history of grass carp and its relatives, its biology, its introduction to The Great Lakes region, why people are concerned, and anything interesting Steve found out about it.

    There are a lot more interesting fish topics that we can explore in the future, at least while Steve is researching fish. Enojy the episode!

    This episode was recorded on February 24, 2025 at JP Nicely Memorial Park in West Falls, NY.

    Episode Notes and Links

    Seagulls are fish.

    Common Carp are invasive and cause environmental damage. The guys didn’t get this right. For shame!

    Sponsors and Ways to Support Us

    Gumleaf Boots, USA (free shipping for patrons)

    Thank you to Always Wandering Art (Website and Etsy Shop) for providing the artwork for many of our episodes.

    Support us on Patreon.

    Check out the Field Guides merch at our Teespring store. It’s really a great deal: you get to pay us to turn your body into a billboard for the podcast!

    Works Cited

    Chapman, D.C., Davis, J.J., Jenkins, J.A., Kocovsky, P.M., Miner, J.G., Farver, J. and Jackson, P.R., 2013. First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 39(4), pp.547-554.

    Mitchell, A.J. and Kelly, A.M., 2006. The public sector role in the establishment of grass carp in the United States. Fisheries, 31(3), pp.113-121.

    Wang, Y., Lu, Y., Zhang, Y., Ning, Z., Li, Y., Zhao, Q., Lu, H., Huang, R., Xia, X., Feng, Q.I. and Liang, X., 2015. The draft genome of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) provides insights into its evolution and vegetarian adaptation. Nature genetics, 47(6), pp.625-631.

    Wu, C.S., Ma, Z.Y., Zheng, G.D., Zou, S.M., Zhang, X.J. and Zhang, Y.A., 2022. Chromosome-level genome assembly of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) provides insights into its genome evolution. BMC genomics, 23(1), p.271.

    Photo Credit

    Peter Halasz (User:Pengo), Melbourne, CC BY-SA 3.0 Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at Tropicarium Budapest. No changes made to photo
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    56 m
  • Ep. 71 - The Field Guides Go Crikey!

    Ep. 71 - The Field Guides Go Crikey!
    Jan 31 2025
    The guys return to Everglades National Park, again looking for a predator that Daniel wants to get too close to: the American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus). Listen in as Daniel shares some research, busts croc-related myths, and Steve probably gets a little too excited about how crocs deal with salt water. Bill doesn’t have much to say, but he’s there, too. Enjoy!This episode was recorded on January 7, 2025 on the Bear Lake Trail in Everglades National Park. The last bit where the guys find the croc was also recorded in the Park, at the Flamingo Marina.Episode Notes and LinksAs promised during the episode, Steve is looking into how crocs process and excrete excess salt. As soon as he gets to the bottom of it, we’ll share it here.In the meantime, here’s what Bill found when he asked DeepSeek: Crocodiles, like many other marine and estuarine reptiles, have specialized salt glands to help them excrete excess salt from their bodies. These glands, known as salt glands or lingual glands (located on their tongues), actively transport salt ions (primarily sodium and chloride) from their bloodstream into the gland ducts. The salt is then excreted as a concentrated saline solution, which is expelled from the body.Crocodiles do not chemically change the salt (sodium chloride) into something else. Instead, they filter and concentrate it, allowing them to maintain proper electrolyte balance in their bodies, especially when living in saltwater environments. This process is crucial for osmoregulation, as it prevents dehydration and helps them survive in both freshwater and saltwater habitats.In summary, crocodiles excrete salt in its original form (sodium chloride) but in a highly concentrated solution, rather than transforming it into a different substance.Sponsors and Ways to Support UsGumleaf Boots, USA (free shipping for patrons)Thank you to Always Wandering Art (Website and Etsy Shop) for providing the artwork for many of our episodes.Support us on Patreon.Check out the Field Guides merch at our Teespring store. It’s really a great deal: you get to pay us to turn your body into a billboard for the podcast!Works CitedAdmin, CrocAttack. “Database.” CrocAttack, CrocAttack, 17 July 2023, crocattack.org/database/. Balaguera-Reina, S. A., M. Venegas-Anaya, V. Beltrán-López, A. Cristancho, and L. D. Densmore III 2018. Food habits and ontogenetic dietary partitioning of American crocodiles in a tropical Pacific Island in Central America. Ecosphere 9(9):e02393. 10.1002/ecs2.2393Briggs-Gonzalez VS, Basille M, Cherkiss MS, Mazzotti FJ. American crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) as restoration bioindicators in the Florida Everglades. PLoS One. 2021 May 19;16(5):e0250510. doi: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34010342/Grigg, Gordon C., et al. Biology and Evolution of Crocodylians. Comstock Publishing Associates, a Division of Cornell University Press ; CSIRO Publishing, 2015. Mazzotti Frank J. , Balaguera-Reina Sergio A. , Brandt Laura A. , Briggs-González Venetia , Cherkiss Mike , Farris Seth , Godahewa Avishka 2022. Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Nesting Ecology of the American Crocodile in Florida, United States. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/ecology-and-evolution/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.904576 ISSN=2296-701XMazzotti, F.J. The American Crocodile in Florida Bay. Estuaries 22, 552–561 (1999). https://doi.org/10.2307/1353217Mazzoti, Frank. “American Crocodiles (Crocodylus Acutus) in Florida.” Myfwc.Com, University of Florida IFAS Extension, myfwc.com/media/1847/americancrocodilesinfl.pdf. Accessed Dec. 2024. Villegas, Alejandro, & Schmitter-Soto, Juan Jacobo. (2008). Feeding habits of the American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus (Cuvier, 1807) (Reptilia: Crocodylidae) in the southern coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Acta zoológica mexicana, 24(3), 117-124. Recuperado en 30 de enero de 2025, de http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0065-17372008000300008&lng=es&tlng=en.
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    1 h y 13 m
  • Ep. 70 - Saving the Blue Iguana

    Ep. 70 - Saving the Blue Iguana
    Dec 31 2024

    This month, we head to the tropics and meet the Blue Iguana of the Cayman Islands! This endangered lizard is found nowhere else on the globe save for the island of Grand Cayman in the Caribbean, and just two decades ago, it’s likely there were fewer than 25 animals remaining in the wild. This was a species that was functionally extinct, but thanks to the herculean efforts of a dedicated group of people, the Blue Iguana (Cyclura lewisi) has been brought back from the brink, with over 1000 iguanas now roaming the dry, rocky forests of Grand Cayman. In July of 2024 Bill traveled there to interview Fred Burton, the man many people credit as the main driver behind the effort to save this endemic species.

    This episode was recorded on July 25, 2024 at the Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park, North Side, Grand Cayman

    Episode Notes and Links

    Find ourt more about conservation of the Blue Iguana by visiting the National Trust for the Cayman Islands.

    If you want to support efforts to help the Blue Iguana, you can donate here.

    Check out Fred’s book, The Little Blue Book: A Short History of the Grand Cayman Blue Iguana

    If you ever find yourself in Grand Cayman, we can’t recommend enough that you visit the Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park, home to the Blue Iguana captive breeding program.

    Sponsors and Ways to Support Us

    Gumleaf Boots, USA (free shipping for patrons)

    Thank you to Always Wandering Art (Website and Etsy Shop) for providing the artwork for this episode.

    Support us on Patreon.

    Check out the Field Guides merch at our Teespring store. It’s really a great deal: you get to pay us to turn your body into a billboard for the podcast!

    Works Cited

    Burton, F.J., 2004. Battling extinction: A view forward for the Grand Cayman Blue Iguana (Cyclura lewisi). Iguana, 11(4), pp.232-237.

    Burton, F.J., 2005. Restoring a new wild population of Blue Iguanas (Cyclura lewisi) in the Salina Reserve, Grand Cayman. Iguana, 12(3), pp.166-174.

    Burton, F.J., 2011. Population restoration for a critically endangered reptile—the Grand Cayman blue iguana (Cyclura lewisi). Reptiles Australasia, 1, pp.35-44.

    Chan, N., Shen, Z., Mannion, A., Kurnick, S., Popescu, I.S., Burton, F.J., Calle, P.P. and Fox, J.G., 2021. Helicobacter cyclurae sp. nov., isolated from endangered blue iguanas (Cyclura lewisi). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9, p.676682.
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    1 h y 8 m
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Great Combination of Entertaining and Educational

I've been listening to The Field Guides for years. The hosts do a great job researching a natural history topic and presenting it in an engaging and entertaining way. I've learned a lot just listening to this podcast and I always look forward to the next episode.

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