The 2 Kinds of Speech: When it Makes Sense to Cancel

In this episode I discuss the crucial distinction between two kinds of speech: the normal level, where people share and debate specific opinions, and the meta level, which reflects on and safeguards the very process of speech itself. I explore how this difference shows up in politics and science, why criticism should be welcomed rather than mistaken for censorship, and how undermining the rules of discourse corrodes free speech. Drawing on examples from philosophy of science and even biology, I highlight the universal pattern that systems thrive when variation at the lower level is preserved while higher-level structures maintain cohesion.

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