New high blood pressure guidelines emphasize prevention, early treatment

High blood pressure affects almost half of all U.S. adults and is the leading cause of death globally.

New blood pressure guidelines call for early treatment, including lifestyle changes, to decrease the risk of dementia as well as improved management before, during and after pregnancy.

High blood pressure is the #1 preventable risk factor for dementia, cardiovascular disease (heart attack, stroke, heart failure) and kidney disease.

High blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels of our brain, leading to memory problems, cognitive decline and dementia. Therefore, early treatment is recommended.

There’s a new risk calculator that allows us to assess the risk of an individual having a cardiovascular event in 10 to 30 years, taking into account an individual’s age, sex, blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking history, kidney function, race and zip code (the latter is an addition from our previous risk calculator from 2013). Results can help guide personalized treatment plans.

It is now recommended that people with high blood pressure have an annual urine protein test (urine albumin and creatinine ratio), assessing for kidney disease. Previously, this was optional.

This is especially important for those who are 35 or older, have a history of diabetes, have a BMI of 30 or higher, have an autoimmune disease, have kidney disease, are pregnant with multiples, are pregnant for the first time or have a personal or family history of preeclampsia.

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