Lead: Use of gabapentin with or without a prescription in substance use treatment settings: A national analysis of urine drug testing data, 2016–2023

Use of gabapentin with or without a prescription in substance use treatment settings: A national analysis of urine drug testing data, 2016–2023

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Gabapentin prescriptions have increased due to off-label use, including managing withdrawal/comorbidities in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, despite gaps in evidence bases and corresponding increases in nonmedical use. This retrospective, serial cross-sectional study sought to identify trends in gabapentin use with and without a prescription in SUD treatment settings. Researchers found that gabapentin prescribing significantly increased in SUD treatment settings despite a lack of strong evidence bases for its utility. While rates of gabapentin use outside a prescription were nearly double that for prescribed use, this appears to be decreasing over time. Polysubstance use and potential gaps in multimorbidity care may contribute to the use of gabapentin without a prescription.

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