How the Killing of Lisa Steinberg Changed Child Protection Laws Forever

In November 1987, first responders arrived at a Greenwich Village townhouse to find six-year-old Lisa Steinberg unconscious and severely injured. Her adoptive father, a prominent New York defense attorney, claimed she had choked. But doctors quickly determined Lisa had suffered months of abuse, with injuries far too severe to be accidental.

As investigators dug deeper, they uncovered a disturbing reality inside the home. Lisa had never been legally adopted, leaving her invisible to the child welfare system. Her adoptive mother, Hedda Nussbaum, was also found to be a victim of extreme domestic abuse, with broken bones and untreated injuries that shocked authorities. Warning signs had surfaced for years through neighbors, teachers, and officials, yet no one intervened in time.

Lisa was declared brain-dead three days later and removed from life support. The televised trial that followed captivated the nation and ended with a manslaughter conviction that many believed was far too lenient. But the impact of Lisa’s death went far beyond the courtroom.

Her case led New York to reform private adoption practices, expand mandatory reporting laws, and restructure how child welfare cases are handled. Lisa Steinberg’s life was tragically short, but the reforms that followed ensured her story permanently changed how vulnerable children are protected.