Higher Costs, Tighter Cash: How the Economy Is Pressuring Small-Business Payrolls

Gusto’s analysis reveals that missed payrolls among U.S. small businesses surged by over 50% between 2019 and 2025, a trend largely driven by inflation, high interest rates, and thin cash reserves. While these failures typically stem from temporary liquidity gaps rather than terminal business failure, they act as a "breaking point" that triggers lasting employment declines. Data shows that affected firms often reduce their headcount by 8% to 10% within six months, with staffing levels rarely recovering even two years later. The report highlights a widening liquidity divide, as stronger companies have expanded their cash runways while vulnerable firms continue to operate within days of a crisis. Ultimately, the research suggests that targeted financial interventions, such as faster credit access and better cash-flow tools, could prevent these temporary shortfalls from becoming permanent economic damage for millions of workers.