Frozen Shoulder Rehab Protocols

Rella presents with a diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis in the freezing phase. She reports persistent, deep shoulder pain at rest and significant discomfort with attempted movement. Passive range of motion reveals capsular end-feel in all directions, particularly with external rotation. Which intervention is MOST appropriate to address the patient’s symptoms at this stage?

A) Low-load prolonged passive stretching with gradual increases in intensity

B) Submaximal isometric exercises to reduce pain and maintain muscle activation

C) Low-grade joint mobilizations to minimize discomfort and maintain joint mechanics

D) Dynamic strengthening exercises to improve shoulder function

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