In this episode, Xavier Bonilla has a dialogue with Bernd Roeck about the Renaissance. They discuss what the Renaissance gave to the modern world, the Renaissance and the West, seven pillars of modernity, and the impact of other civilizations on the Renaissance. They discuss the level of impact that Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome deserve on the Renaissance, Christianity and the West, Islamic impact on the Renaissance, Western European marriage pattern, feudalism, origins of the University and the importance of art during the Renaissance. They also discuss the Gutenberg Press, New World discoveries, the high Renaissance, Socratic dialogue in the Renaissance, the Ottoman Empire, Martin Luther and the Reformation, the Habsburgs, post-Renaissance, the Renaissance’s impact on the future, and many more topics.

Bernd Roeck was appointed to the Chair of General and Swiss History of Modern Times at the University of Zurich/ Switzerland in 1999. He served his University from 2009 to 2011 as Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy. He has been made emeritus since 2019. He was director of the German Study Centre in Venice, Italy and has taught at the University of Augsburg and the University of Bonn. In addition, he received the Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian republic in 1996 and was awarded the Merit Medal of the city of Augsburg (Bavaria/Germany). He is the author of numerous books, including the most recent, The World at First Light: A New History of the Renaissance.

In this episode, Xavier Bonilla has a dialogue with Jon Lee Anderson about the Taliban in Afghanistan over the past 20 years. They provide an overview of Afghanistan, how the Taliban came to power, makeup of the Taliban, their intentions for an Islamic state, Hamid Karzai, Taliban resurgence in 2012, US withdrawal, Taliban reign at present, the future of Afghanistan, and many more topics.

Jon Lee Anderson is an author and a staff writer for The New Yorker. As a longtime observer of political violence and revolutionary movements, he has reported from many war zones over the years, including Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Angola, Somalia, Mali, and Liberia. He has reported frequently from Latin America and profiled political leaders such as Augusto Pinochet, Fidel Castro, Hugo Chávez, and Nicolás Maduro. Anderson also wrote a celebrated biography of the late Argentine revolutionary Ernesto “Che” Guevara. He is the author of the latest book, To Lose A War: The Fall and Rise of the Taliban.

In this episode, Xavier Bonilla has a dialogue with John Tolan about the history of Islam. The give an overview of Islam, discuss the Prophet Muhammad, succession and split after his death, Umayyad caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, and 3 caliphates of 1000 AD. They talk about the Turks and Ottoman empire, Wahhabism, Arab nationalism, Islam in the 21st century, and many more topics.

John Tolan is Professor of History at Université de Nantes and works on the history of religious and cultural relations between the Arab and Latin worlds in the Middle Ages and on the history of religious interaction and conflict between Jews, Christians and Muslims. He studied at Yale (BA classics), University of Chicago (MA & PhD history) and the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (HDR). He has taught in various universities in North America, Europe, Africa and the Middle East; he is currently professor of History at the University of Nantes and member of the Academia Europæa and the Reial Acadèmia de Bones Lletres de Barcelona. he is the author of numerous books, including the most recent book, Islam: A New History from Muhammad to the Present.