How do the hidden carbohydrate structures on your favorite protein powders shape the gut microbiome? In this episode of Concentrating on Chromatography, Matthew Bolino, M.S., from the University of Nevada, Reno, breaks down his latest research on N‑glycans from common dietary proteins (whey, egg white, soy, and pea) and how their structural diversity influences microbial fermentation and short‑chain fatty acid production.Bolino explains what N‑glycans are, why they behave like fiber in the gut, and how his team isolates and characterizes them using ethanol washes, enzymatic release (PNGase F and gut‑derived endoglycosidases), and advanced MALDI‑TOF and HILIC‑QTOF workflows. He also discusses his 2025 work comparing synthetic versus bovine whey N‑glycomes and mapping N‑glycan profiles across dietary protein sources, revealing how glycan architecture can reshape community diversity in in vitro fecal fermentations.Geared toward undergraduate and early‑career analytical chemists, this conversation dives into practical mass spec trade‑offs (MALDI vs QTOF vs LC/GC), real‑world troubleshooting in glycomics labs, and how microbiome‑targeted therapeutics and “symbiotic” designs may emerge from pairing specific microbes with preferred glycan structures. Bolino closes with career advice on building biomolecular analysis skills, understanding instrumentation fundamentals, and entering the rapidly growing field of glycomics and microbiome research.

In this episode, we interview Daniel Reddy, 2025 CAS Future Leader and PhD candidate at Queen's University, about his groundbreaking research on automated mass spectrometry and dried matrix spots (DMS).Dan's work combines computer vision, 3D printer automation, and laser micromachining to revolutionize sample preparation—reducing CO₂ emissions by 28-fold and organic solvent use by 21-fold compared to traditional methods.What You'll Learn:How to give a mass spectrometer "sight" and "taste" using computer vision and the LMJ-SSP (Liquid Microjunction Surface Sampling Probe)The breakthrough technology behind Surface Energy Traps (SETs) for confining liquid droplets on paper substratesWhy dried matrix spots eliminate the need for cold-chain shipping and enable analysis of blood, urine, and saliva samples via standard mailHow DIY chemists are hacking 3D printers to build cost-effective autosamplers (replacing $10K+ systems)The role of green chemistry and systems thinking in modernizing analytical methodsWhy interdisciplinary collaboration (chemistry + computer science) is critical to innovationKey Topics:Dried Matrix Spots (DMS) for automated sample prepLaser-micromachined Surface Energy TrapsDirect surface sampling mass spectrometrySustainability in analytical chemistry3D printer customization for laboratory automationThe importance of science communication and community outreachGuest Background:Dan Reddy is a PhD candidate in the Department of Chemistry at Queen's University and a recipient of the NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. He was recently named one of the top 35 early-career scientists globally in the 2025 CAS Future Leaders program.Relevant for:Analytical chemists and mass spectrometry practitionersLab managers seeking sustainable and cost-effective sample prep solutionsResearchers interested in green chemistry and automationDIY enthusiasts and makers interested in laboratory innovationStudents pursuing careers in analytical chemistry

Join us as we sit down with Jim Gearing, Associate Vice President of Marketing for Agilent's Gas Phase Division, to explore how the world of chromatography is changing and how intelligent instrument design is meeting users where they are.This interview was conducted in collaboration with Separation Science, the premier online learning platform for analytical scientists, providing expert content on chromatography, mass spectrometry, sample preparation, and related laboratory techniques.In this episode, Jim shares insights from 34 years at Hewlett Packard/Agilent—including 22 years in R&D—on three critical shifts reshaping analytical labs:🔬 Changing Demographics of Users- How the lab workforce is evolving: fewer experienced analysts, higher turnover, less formal training- Why modern users expect instruments to work like the consumer tech in their hands (iPhones, tablets, apps)- Real-world stories from labs operating with skeleton crews—managing entire instrument rooms with 1–2 people🎯 User-Input-Guided Design- How Agilent collects feedback from day one: customer site visits, service teams, quality data, and early-stage prototyping- The evolution from paper flipcharts (1990s) to rapid software prototyping and eye-tracking today- Concrete examples of pain points that drove major design changes (easy maintenance, remote data access, intelligent diagnostics)🤖 Intelligent Instrument Systems- What "intelligent" really means: features that remove workload and mental effort while delivering high-confidence results- Built-in capabilities like peak evaluation, retention time locking, and maintenance wizards that prevent errors before they happen- How smart instruments operate independently—**they don't require internet connectivity** (addressing a key misconception)- Why distributed intelligence (in the instrument, software, and enterprise services) gives labs flexibilityPlus:- Advice for lab directors building long-term instrumentation strategies (goals, users, solutions)- Jim's magic wand fix: eliminating time spent on non-value-added data processing- Why analytical instrumentation matters beyond the lab—safer food, cleaner water, better pharmaceuticalsPerfect for:- Early-career chromatographers and analytical chemists- Lab managers and directors evaluating instrumentation strategy- Anyone curious about how intelligent systems are reshaping laboratory workflowsGC-MS, chromatography, intelligent instruments, lab automation, user experience, analytical chemistry, Agilent, instrument design, laboratory instrumentation, workflow optimization, data processing, lab management, training and onboarding

In this episode of Concentrating on Chromatography, we sit down with Dr. Lee Polite from Axion Training Institute to break down one of analytical chemistry's most powerful yet misunderstood techniques: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).What You'll Learn:- Why GC and MS are the "perfect pair" – and what happens when you try to use MS alone- The electron gun: how molecules get ionized and why they become positively charged (not negatively!)- The magnetic sector vs. quadrupole: from first principles to modern mass filtering- Why Dr. Lee uses the "corkscrew trajectory" analogy – and why it actually works- The cars and boats analogy: how fragmentation creates a unique molecular fingerprint- Scan mode vs. SIM (Selected Ion Monitoring): when to use each for identification vs. sensitivity- Real-world forensics: detecting pesticides in spinach and cocaine in hair follicles- Triple quad GC/MS and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM): the future of trace analysisWhy This Matters:Over 2 million chromatographs operate worldwide, yet most users don't truly understand how they work. Dr. Polite has trained more than 14,000 professional scientists at Axion Labs to move beyond "pushing buttons" to genuinely comprehending the science. This conversation is designed for undergraduate students, academic researchers, and anyone preparing for analytical chemistry roles in pharma, environmental testing, or forensics.The Teaching Philosophy:Dr. Polite breaks complex instrumentation into simple, transferable concepts. He uses real analogies (shopping malls, bank robberies, and magnetic levitation) to make abstract physics tangible. By the end of this episode, you'll understand that mass spectrometry isn't magic—it's elegant physics made practical.Guest Information:Dr. Lee Polite is a leading authority in analytical chromatography education and founder of Axion Training Institute, a real working laboratory where scientists come for hands-on GC and LC training. With nearly 30 years of experience and a PhD under Harold McNair (one of the grandfathers of modern chromatography), Dr. Polite is passionate about making complex instrumentation accessible to students and professionals alike.Resources & Links:🔗 Axion Training Institute: www.chromatographytraining.com🔗 Email: info@axionlabs.com📧 Subscribe to Concentrating on Chromatography for more expert interviews on analytical separation science#MassSpectrometry #AnalyticalChemistry #GCMSAnalysis #ChromatographyEducation #LabInstrumentation #Chemistry #SeparationScience #Quadrupole #Instrumentation #UndergraduateChemistry

Connor Johnson, a researcher from the University of Alberta, discusses his award-winning honours project analyzing the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in two banana species using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS). He completed this specific project as an undergraduate at Thompson Rivers University (TRU).For over 60 years, commercial banana flavoring has remained unchanged—even though the fruit it's supposed to mimic changed in the 1950s. Connor's research reveals why fake banana tastes fake: the commercial banana extract contains only 3 compounds compared to 18+ in real bananas, missing critical compounds that create authentic banana flavor.This episode covers:- The history of banana flavoring and the myth of the Gros Michel banana- What Connor discovered when comparing Cavendish vs. Gros Michel bananas- The real compounds behind authentic banana flavor (hint: it's not just isoamyl acetate)- Why headspace GC is ideal for volatile organic compound analysis- Challenges with sample prep and instrument troubleshooting in research- How this research could revolutionize flavor chemistry in the food industry- The broader applications of comparing artificial flavorings to real fruitsConnor won two national conference awards for this work and shares insights into the analytical challenges of flavor chemistry, including instrument downtime, sample matrix effects, and why creating authentic synthetic flavoring is harder than it seems.Perfect for chemistry students, flavor scientists, and anyone curious about why banana candy tastes nothing like real bananas.

Join us for an in-depth conversation with Holly Lee, Global Technical Marketing Specialist at SCIEX, as we explore the cutting edge of food and environmental safety testing. Holly shares her expertise on analyzing ultra-short chain PFAS like TFA, masked mycotoxins, pesticide residues, and the latest LC-MS/MS workflows transforming laboratory efficiency.In this episode of Concentrating on Chromatography, we discuss:PFAS Analysis & Challenges- Why ultra-short chain PFAS compounds like trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) are among the toughest analytes to detect- Background contamination issues and how labs can minimize them- Column selection strategies and method development for comprehensive PFAS panels- Combining different stationary phase chemistries to broaden selectivityMycotoxin Detection- What are masked mycotoxins and why they evade conventional detection- Climate-driven changes in mycotoxin co-occurrence patterns- Achieving ultra-trace sensitivity for regulated limits in food matrices- EU regulations vs. global standards for mycotoxin testingFood Residue Testing Innovations- Multi-residue pesticide methods covering 100+ compounds- Overcoming challenges with complex food matrices like tea, juice, and extracts- Veterinary drug residue analysis and validation strategies- The role of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in resolving matrix interferencesLaboratory Workflow Optimization- Sample preparation strategies: when to use direct injection vs. SPE cleanup- Automation, AI, and machine learning for peak integration and data processing- Green chemistry practices and sustainability in food testing- Getting the most from your LC-MS/MS software featuresHolly's Background & Insights- Journey from studying PFAS fate at University of Toronto to food safety applications- Experience spanning Ontario Ministry of Environment, SCIEX R&D, and global technical marketing- Emerging contaminants on the horizon, including microplastics analysis with LC-MS/MS- Partnership between SCIEX and Phenomenex for advancing chromatography solutionsResources Mentioned:- NIST PFAS Interference List (PIL) database- Phenomenex Luna Omega PSC18 column for ultra-short chain PFAS- SCIEX 7500 and 7600 ZenoTOF systems- Science of the Total Environment journal article on microplasticsWhether you're a food safety analyst, environmental chemist, or chromatography enthusiast, this conversation offers practical insights into method development, troubleshooting, and the future of analytical testing.🔬 About the Guest:Holly Lee is a Global Technical Marketing Specialist for Food Applications at SCIEX with a PhD from the University of Toronto studying PFAS environmental processes. She has hands-on experience in analytical method development, LC-MS/MS analysis, and worked at the Ontario Ministry of the Environment before joining SCIEX.🎙️ About Concentrating on Chromatography:A podcast exploring the science, applications, and innovations in chromatography and sample preparation for analytical laboratories worldwide.Hashtags:#Chromatography #LCMSMS #FoodSafety #PFAS #Mycotoxins #AnalyticalChemistry #LabTesting #SCIEX #EnvironmentalTesting #PesticideResidue #TFA #MaskedMycotoxins #LabAutomation #FoodAnalysis #SamplePreparation

In this episode of Concentrating on Chromatography, we sit down with Alex Brody, an organic chemist at Aqua America, to discuss the rigorous analytical methods required for regulated drinking water testing.Alex walks us through the multi-step PFAS detection process using EPA Method 537.1, including extraction, nitrogen blowdown concentration, and LC-MS analysis. He explains why sample preparation and quality control are critical for achieving trace-level detection—and why these methods can't be rushed or simplified, even with new technologies available.We also explore taste and odor investigations, disinfection byproducts, and volatile organic compounds, plus the surprising reality of why regulated labs move slowly when adopting new instrumentation. You'll learn about the quality control checkpoints, peer review processes, and the misconceptions surrounding analytical turnaround times in compliance labs.Topics Covered:- Role of organic chemistry in regulated drinking water labs- EPA compliance requirements and regulatory bodies (EPA, PA-DEP)- PFAS detection using Method 537.1 and LC-MS- The critical importance of nitrogen blowdown sample concentration- Taste and odor analysis: MIB, Geosmin, and unknown compound identification- Why regulated methods evolve slowly (validation timelines, approval processes)- Quality control procedures: calibration checks, matrix spikes, surrogate standards, internal standards- Automated sample preparation and lab efficiency- Future PFAS regulations and Method 533 expansionIdeal For:- Analytical chemists and environmental lab professionals- Water utilities and compliance officers- Chromatography practitioners interested in regulated workflows- Anyone curious about how drinking water safety is ensured

In this episode of Concentrating on Chromatography, we sit down with Andreas Metousis, a PhD researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, to explore cutting-edge spatial proteomics and its role in understanding ovarian cancer development.Andreas discusses how Deep Visual Proteomics (DVP)—a method combining artificial intelligence, laser micro-dissection, and advanced mass spectrometry—is revolutionizing cancer research by providing unprecedented insight into the earliest molecular events in disease progression.Key Topics Covered:- How transcriptomics and proteomics differ and why both matter for cancer research- Deep Visual Proteomics (DVP): AI-driven cell identification and high-resolution protein analysis- Why high-throughput automation (384-well plates, EVOSEP, Thermo Fisher Orbital Astral Mass Spectrometer) is essential for modern proteomics- The IDO1 paradox: why an "immune evasion" protein actually protects cancer cells—and why that matters for failed clinical trials- Translating lab discoveries into real-world therapeutics: the drug development pipeline- Applying spatial proteomics beyond ovarian cancer (lung cancer, skin cancer, osteoarthritis, muscle biology)- Advice for students entering cancer research and academiaWhy This Matters:Andreas's work demonstrates how multi-modal omics integration and spatial resolution can identify novel drug targets and explain why some promising therapies fail in clinical practice. This episode bridges fundamental science with practical lab methodology and therapeutic impact.Perfect for: Analytical chemistry professionals, cancer researchers, graduate students, and anyone interested in how cutting-edge mass spectrometry and AI are transforming biomedical research.Spatial Proteomics, Mass Spectrometry, Ovarian Cancer, Deep Learning, AI in Science, Proteomics, Transcriptomics, Cancer Research, Drug Discovery, EVOSEP, Thermo Fisher Orbital Astral Mass Spectrometer, Laser Microdissection, IDO1, Immunotherapy, Analytical Chemistry