Over Exploitation of Natural Resources

De: Sivakumaran Sivaramanan

Narrado por: Virtual Voice

Seven of top ten marine fisheries consist 30% of world’s fish catch are fully or over exploited, according to the report of Environmental justice foundation, each year about 10 million tons of bycatch are taken by shrimp trawlers, it is also estimated about 150, 000 sea turtles are killed annually by prawn trawlers, subsidies given by governments for the careful utilization of ocean resources has reached $15-30 billion every year. Marine Stewardship Council has certified 12 fisheries for sustainable management. This book reviews the causes of over exploitation of coastal and marine resources including coral reefs, estuaries, mangroves, sea grass beds, open oceans and polar seas and conservation of coastal resources towards sustainable fisheries as driven by international action plan. Over the past 50 years international trade of raw materials and manufactured products has increased dramatically, according to recent estimates world economy uses around 60 billion tonnes of resources annually to produce the goods and services. People in rich countries consumes up to 10 times more natural resources than those in poor countries and more resources are extracted from developing countries, African continent is with the highest resource intensity with countries needing almost 7 kg of domestic resources to produce one dollar of GDP. WWF (2008) report reveals as per calculations of Ecological footprint world is already using around 30% more bio-capacity than the global ecosystems can provide in a sustainable manner. Many fish stocks deplete, forests get shrunk, fertile lands get degrade and increased carbon emission causes global climatic changes entails with natural disaster events. This part reviews SERI and Global 2000 (2009) report along with other available resources on the same.