Edge Computing

A new Paradigm

Edge computing represents a distributed computing paradigm that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data generation, rather than relying on a centralized data center that may be thousands of miles away. At its core, edge computing is about processing data at the "edge" of the network, near where that data is created or consumed.

More formally, edge computing can be defined as a network architecture that positions computing resources—including servers, storage, and applications—at or near data sources to enable real-time processing, reduce latency, minimize bandwidth consumption, and enhance data privacy. This proximity to data sources enables faster response times, reduces network congestion, and allows for more efficient use of bandwidth.

The "edge" itself is not a single location but rather a collection of points distributed throughout a network. These edges can exist in various forms: on IoT devices themselves, in cellular base stations, at manufacturing facilities, within retail stores, or in small data centers positioned close to end users.

The unifying characteristic is that computation happens locally, where data originates or is needed, rather than being transmitted to distant cloud data centers.